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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who kind of Monk was Gregor MEndel
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Franciscan Monk
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What did Gregor Mendel do?
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compared rapidly growing pea plants
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Unit or factors that carry traits
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Genes
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Trait that is always expressed... How is it expressed
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Dominant captial letter
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trait that is hidden by dominant traits.. How is it expressed
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Recessive Lowercase letter
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self fertilized pants with the samr traits generation after generation
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True Breeding or Pure Breed
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2 parents w/ different traits are crossed
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Cross fertilized or Hybrid
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gene that codes for specific trait
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Allele
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How many Alleles do you get from each parent
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1
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when both ALLeles are identical
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Homozygous.. GG
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when Allels are not identical
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Heterozygous.. Gg
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combonation of genes/ Alleles
: what the DNA says |
Genotype
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physical traits that are shown
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Phenotype
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How many Chromosomes do humans have? How many do you get from each parent
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46:23
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HOw many pairs of chromosomes are similar in structure?
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22- the 23rd pair are the sex chromosomes
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What will influence the phenotype or physical characteristics
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Genes and environment
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person that appears to be "normal," but carries the trait
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Carrier
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What are sex linked traits
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traits that are carried on the X chromosomes
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What are females sex chromosomes
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XX
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Male chromosomes
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XY
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What are some examples of sex linked traits
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hemophilia, color blindnes, male patteren baldness,
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Who determines the sex of the off spring and why
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MAle bacause they give either X or Y
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2 or more traits that may be expressed at the same time (neither trait is dominant over the other)
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Codominance
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Which blood types are codominant? which is recessive
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A&B: O
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A blood types are...
B O |
A = AA or AO
B = BB or BO O = OO most common blood type in USA |
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genes pairs that are neither dominant or reciessive
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Incomplete Dominance
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each of the 2 alleles for a trait seperate during meiosis
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Law of Segregation
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>Alleles for a trait sort independently of genesfor other traits w/o regaurd to their origin
> Not all the chromosomes from a particular parent will end up in the same sperm or egg |
Law of Independent Assortment
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process of cellular division which the chromosomes separate
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Meiosis
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tetrads line up in the middle of the cell
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Metaphase
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each chromosome seeks out the homologous chromosome and pair up to form a tetrad
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Prophase I
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portions of chromosomes overlap, break off, and reattach to the other sister chromatid
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Crossing over
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homologous chromosomes separate
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Anaphase I
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nuclear envelope partially reforms and the cell membrane separates
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TelophaseI and Cytokinesis
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2 cells go through this, but there is no DNA replication
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Meiosis II
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spindle fibers form
centrials move to opposite ebds of the cell |
Prophase II
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sister chromatids lineup in the niddle of the cell
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Metaphase II
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halfthe number of original chromosomes
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haploid
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>nuclear membrane reforms
>cell membrane pinches off >4 new different cels are produced >Each cell is hapliod |
Telophase II and Cytokinesis
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Name the stages of Meiosis I
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Prophase I
Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I and Cytokinesis |
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Name the Stages of Meiosis II
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Prophase II
Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II and Cytokinesis |