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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Allele
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An allele has one of 2 more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation
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Multiple alleles
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A multiple allele is one of a number of alternative forms of the same genetic gene
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Dominant
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The dominant gene produces the same phenotype in the organism
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Recessive
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The recessive gene produces its characteristic phenotype only when its allele is identical
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Homozygous
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The homozygous gene has identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci
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Heterozygous
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Heterozygoukeds has dissimilar alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci
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Sex-linked
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A sex-linked gene is the phenotype expression of an allele related to the chromosomal sex of the individual
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Asexual
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Asexual is an organism capable of producing offspring in the absence of a male
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Sexual
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Sexual is being of one sex or the other and capable of sexual reproduction
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Cell Cycle
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Cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its duplication and division
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cell plate
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the cell plate is a disc like structure that separates the 2 sets of chromosomes during cytokinesis
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haploid
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a haploid is a cell or organism that has 1/2 the number of chromosomes in somatic cells
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diploid
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Diploid is a cell or organism that has 2 sets of chromosomes one from the mom and one from the dad
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mitosis
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anaphase
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anaphase is a stage in mitosis when the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle
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interphase
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interphase is the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell
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metaphase
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metaphase is the second stage of cell division
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prophase
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prophase is the first stage of cell division
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telophase
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telophase is the final stage of cell dvision
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centriole
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the centriole is a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells
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chromatin
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the chromatin is the material of which the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are produced
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Meiosis
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cytokinesis
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cytokinesis is the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis
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cross over
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crossover is the interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during prophase
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spores
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The spore is a dormant reproductive cell formed by certain organisms
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Binary fission
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Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction common among prokaryotes where a cell divides giving rise to two cells
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Mendel
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Mendel discovered how traits are transferred from the parents to their offspring
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polygenic
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Polygenic is a group of genes that produces a specific trait only when expressed together
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Hemophilia
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Hemophilia is the congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding and usually affects males transmitted from mother to son
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Punnet Squares
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Phenotype
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The phenotype is the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
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Genotype
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The genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual organism
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Blood Type
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Pedigree
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Pedigree is an ancestral line or chart showing the lineage or descent of an individual and all the direct ancestors
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Genetic Variation
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Genetic variation are variations of genomes between members of groups/species thriving in different parts of the world as a genetic mutation
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Inheritance
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Inheritance are traits that are transmitted from parents to their child ex: blue yes/brown eyes, tall/short etc
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Co-dominance
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Co-dominance is a condition in which the alleeles of a gene pair in a hetrozygote are fully expressed resulting in offspring w/a phenotype that isn't dominant or recessive
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Incomplete dominance
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Incomplete dominance is a kind of dominance occurring in heterozygotes in which the dominant allele is only partially expressed
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Independent assortment
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independent assortment is the process of random segregation and assortment of chromosomes during anaphase resulting in genetically unique gametes
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dihybrid
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Dihybrid is the offspring of a dihybrid cross involving 2 gene loci each with 2 different alleles
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