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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how these newly-made proteins end up as glycoproteins on the cellsurface membrane. |
1. Protein release from ribosome 2. enter the rER 3. becomes packaged into (rER) vesicles 4. (vesicles / proteins) move to Golgi (apparatus)/ {vesicles fuse with / protein enters} Golgi 5. protein {modified / carbohydrate added /named carbohydrate added} 6. then become packaged into (secretory) vesicles 7. glycoprotein becomes part of (vesicle)membrane 8. vesicles {move towards / fuse with} the cell(surface) membrane ; |
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What features are present in a Mitochondria?
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1. Double membrane. 2. Crista present 3. Stalked particles. 4. Glycogen granule. 5. Matrix 6. Circular DNA |
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What features are present in Chloroplasts? |
1. Circular DNA 2. Surrounded by double membrane. |
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Several curved membrane-bound sacs ofdecreasing size
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Golgi Apparatus |
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A pair of cylinders arranged at right-angles toeach other
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Centrioles |
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Small spheres with a single membrane that arefilled with hydrolytic enzymes
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Lysosome |
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Describe how you would recognise the Golgi apparatus as seen using anelectron microscope.
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1. Stacks
2. cisternae 3. smooth membranes / no ribosomes 4. (cisternae) curved / flattened 5. idea of different sizes (cisternae) 6. presence of vesicles |
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Explain the roles of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus ina cell.
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1. Protein produced by ribosome
2. Ribosomes {held on/attached to/eq} rER 3. proteins {stored / transported / within rER / eq} 4. proteins {folded/assume 3-D shape/tertiary structure 5. (rER) produce vesicles / packages proteins 6. vesicles fuse with Golgi (apparatus) 7. Golgi {modifies/processes} protein 8. details of modification e.g. glycoprotein / carbohydrate added, trimming of carbohydrate 9. water removed (to concentrate) 10. Golgi produces {lysosomes / secretory vesicles} |
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Suggest what happens to the amino acids from when they are absorbed into thecytoplasm until they are secreted as enzymes into the style.
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1. idea of amino acids transported to rER e.g. tRNA{binding to/ transporting} amino acids (incytoplasm)
2. reference to involvement of ribosomes 3. amino acids {being joined by peptide bonds /forming polypeptide chains / forming primarystructure of protein / eq} 4. {folded into 3-D shape / secondary or tertiarystructure} in rER 5. packaged into vesicles at the end of the rER / eq 6. vesicles {move to / transported to / fuse with / eq}the Golgi apparatus 7. idea that protein modified in Golgi apparatus 8. (modified protein / enzyme / eq) packaged into(secretory) vesicles (by Golgi apparatus) eq 9. vesicles {move towards / fuse with} cell surfacemembrane / correct reference to exocytosis / |
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State two differences between the structure of cells of organisms belongingto the Eukaryota domain and those belonging to the Bacteria domain.
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1. eukaryote cells have { membrane bound organelles/ examples of membrane bound organelle } andprokaryotes do not ;2. DNA within a nucleus in Eukaryota but not in Bacteria / linearchromosomes in Eukaryota circular in Bacteria ;3. larger ribosomes in Eukaryota / 80S ribosomes inEukaryota and 70S in Bacteria / eq ;4. Bacteria contain { plasmids / pili / peptidoglycancell wall /eq } and Eukaryota do not
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Name an organelle found in the cells of both eukaryotic and prokaryoticorganisms.
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Ribosomes. |
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Describe the roles of these organelles in the synthesis and secretion ofdigestive enzymes.
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1. reference to involvement of ribosomes on the { rER /rough endoplasmic reticulum }
2. amino acids {being joined by peptide bonds /forming polypeptide chains / forming primary structureof protein } ;OR{folded into 3-D shape / secondary or tertiarystructure} in rER 3. packaged into vesicles at the end of the rER / vesicles{move to / transported to / fuse with / eq} the Golgiapparatus 4. idea that { protein/ enzyme } modified in Golgiapparatus 5. (modified protein / enzyme / eq) packaged into(secretory) vesicles (by Golgi apparatus) / eq 6. exocytosis by secretory vesicles / fusion of vesicles withcell (surface) membrane |
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Describe three structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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1. presence of { membrane bound / named membranebound } organelle in eukaryotic cells /
2. presence of { plasmids / slime capsule / pili / eq} inprokaryotic cells 3. size of ribosomes i.e. larger in eukaryotic cells / 70S inprokaryotes and 80S in eukaryotes / 4. DNA in a nucleus in eukaryotic cells /eq 5. { DNA / chromosome } linear in eukaryotic cells andcircular in prokaryotic cells / 6. relevant comment regarding cell walls e.g. cell wallsalways present in prokaryotic cells, only in someeukaryotic cells; |
