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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Identify the structures of and interpret the functions of the immune system.
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structures: lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus gland, spleen, bone marrow, and appendix; functions: providing protection against foreign material, including pathogens, and bathing the tissue with lymph fluid
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Explain the difference between innate immunity and acquired immune responses.
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Innate immunity is a non-specific immunity that you are born with; acquired immunity is against a specific pathogen, which must be developed after exposure to the pathogen.
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What role do phagocytes play in defending the body against disease?
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Phagocytes are white blood cells that ingest and destroy pathogens by surrounding and engulfing them
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What role does a lymph node play in defending your body against microorganisms?
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A lymph node is a small mass of tissue that filters lymph and traps and destroys microorganisms.
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Why is it adaptive for memory cells to remain in the immune system after an invasion by pathogens?
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Memory cells remain in case the body encounters the same antigen again. The second response will be rapid, before the antigen is able to cause disease
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body's earliest lines of nonspecific defense against any and all pathogens; includes skin and body secretions, inflammation of body tissues, and phagocytosis of pathogens.
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innate immunity
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white blood cells that destroy pathogens by surrounding and engulfing them; include macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.
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phagocytes
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type of phagocyte that engulfs damaged cells or pathogens that have entered the body's tissues;
"big eater" |
macrophage
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collection of dead macrophages and body fluids that forms in infected tissues
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pus
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host-cell specific proteins that protect cells from viruses.
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interferons
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gradual build-up of resistance to a specific pathogen over time.
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acquired immunity
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fluid that bathes the cells of the body; formed when water and dissolved substances diffuse from the blood into the spaces between the cells that make up the surrounding tissues
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tissue fluid
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tissue fluids composed of water and dissolved substances from the blood that have collected and entered the lymph vessels.
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lymph
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small mass of tissue that contains lymphocytes and filters pathogens from the lymph; made of a network of connective tissue fibers that contain lymphocytes.
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lymph node
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type of white blood cell stored in lymph nodes that defends the body against foreign agents.
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lymphocyte
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lymphocyte produced in bone marrow and processed in the thymus that plays a role in immunity; includes helper T cells and killer T cells.
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T-cell
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a lymphocyte that, when activated by a T cell, becomes a plasma cell and produces antibodies
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B-cell
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substance consisting of weakened, dead, or incomplete portions of pathogens or antigens that produce an immune response when injected into the body.
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vaccine
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