Biology Test 1 Flash Card Set 2

Front 1

b

Back 1

the equal sharing of electrons between atoms(as seen in methane) is called a(n):

a.ionic bond
b.polar covalent bond
c.james bond
d.hydrogen bond

Front 2

d

Back 2

which of the following depend on membrane proteins for transport into or out of a cell:

a.faciliated diffusion
b.osmosis
c.active transport
d.both a and c
e.none of these

Front 3

c

Back 3

which is the correct order of the following according to the levels of organization in nature?

a.cell,organelle,organ,tissue,organ sytem,organism
b.organism,cell,tissue,organ,organelle,organ system
c.organelle,cell,tissue,organ,organ system,organism
d.tissue,organ system,organ,organism,organelle,cell
e.none of these

Front 4

glycerol
fatty

Back 4

a monomer of most lipids has two parts-the ___________ portion and the ___________ acid chains.

Front 5

created
destroyed

Back 5

the two main forms of energy in both mechanical and living systems are kinetic energy(action) and stored energy (potental or position). From the Laws of Thermodynamics, we know that energy is never ____________ nor ____________, but merely changes from one form to another

Front 6

dehydration synthesis

hydrolysis

Back 6

monomers are joined together to form larger polymers throught the chemical reaction called ______________. polymers are broken down into the monomers that make them up through the chemical reaction called ___________.

Front 7

b

Back 7

which of the following terms includes all the others in the list?
a.polysaccharide
b.carbohydrate
c.monosaccharide
d.disaccharide

Front 8

fatty acids

glycerol

Back 8

one molecule of fat is made by joining three molecules of ____________ to one molecule of _____________.

Front 9

saturated

Back 9

__________ fats contain the maximum number of hydrogens along the tail.

Front 10

nitrogen

Back 10

what chemical element is present in proteins and nucleic acids, but not in sugars and fats?

Front 11

d

Back 11

changing one amino acid within a protein could change what about a protein?

a.the primary structure
b.the overall shape of the protein
c.the function of the protein
d.all of the above

Front 12

a

Back 12

a shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture

a.DNA
b.Proteins
c.Cellulose
d.Fatty acids
e.Sucrose

Front 13

starch

nucleotide

Back 13

a glucose molecule is to ___________ as a _____________ is to a nucleic acid.

Front 14

d

Back 14

which of the following elements is least abundant in your body?

a.carbon
b.oxygen
c.phosphorus
d.iron

Front 15

MgCL2 and C2H6

Back 15

which of the following are compounds?

MgCL2, H2, Fe, C2H6

Front 16

element

Back 16

a chemical compound is to a ___________ as a body organ is to a tissue

Front 17

electrons

neutrons

protons

Back 17

an atom can be changed into an ion by adding or removing__________. an atom can be changed into a different isotope by adding or removing____________. but if you change the number of ___________, the atom becomes a different element.

Front 18

2

Back 18

a sulfur atom has 6 electrons in its third shell, whcih is its outer shell. as a result, it forms __________ covalent bonds with other atoms.

Front 19

d

Back 19

which of the following is not a chemical reaction?

a.sugar and oxygen gas combine to form carbon dioxide and water.
b.sodium metal and chlorine gas unite to form sodium chloride.
c.hydrogen gas combines with oxygen gas to form water
d.ice melts to form liquid water

Front 20

a

Back 20

a polar molecule

a.is slightly negative at one end and slightly positive at the other end.
b.has an extra electron, giving it a positive charge
c.has an extra electron, giving it a negative charge.
d.has covalent bonds.

Front 21

element

Back 21

a chemical compound is to a ___________ as a body organ is to a tissue

Front 22

electrons

neutrons

protons

Back 22

an atom can be changed into an ion by adding or removing__________. an atom can be changed into a different isotope by adding or removing____________. but if you change the number of ___________, the atom becomes a different element.

Front 23

2

Back 23

a sulfur atom has 6 electrons in its third shell, whcih is its outer shell. as a result, it forms __________ covalent bonds with other atoms.

Front 24

d

Back 24

which of the following is not a chemical reaction?

a.sugar and oxygen gas combine to form carbon dioxide and water.
b.sodium metal and chlorine gas unite to form sodium chloride.
c.hydrogen gas combines with oxygen gas to form water
d.ice melts to form liquid water

Front 25

a

Back 25

a polar molecule

a.is slightly negative at one end and slightly positive at the other end.
b.has an extra electron, giving it a positive charge
c.has an extra electron, giving it a negative charge.
d.has covalent bonds.

Front 26

d

Back 26

emily would like to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. her best choice for a microscope would be a

a.light microscope, because of its magnifying power.
b.transmission electron microscope, becasue of its resolving power
c.scanning electron microscope, because the chromosomes are on the cell surface
d.light microscope, because the specimen must be kept alive.

Front 27

b

Back 27

you look into a light microscope and view an unknow cell. what might you see that would tell you whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

a.a rigid cell wall
b.a plasma membrane
c.a nucleus
d.ribosomes

Front 28

bacteria

archaea

Back 28

prokaryotic cells are characteristic of _________ and _________.

Front 29

b

Back 29

which best describes the structure of the plasma membrane?

a.proteins sandwiched between two layers of phospholipid
b.proteins embedded in tow laters of phospholipid
c.a layer of protein coating a layer of phospholipid
d.phosholipids embedded in two layers of protein

Front 30

smooth er

rough er

Back 30

the ER has two distinct regions that differ in structure and function. lipids are synthesized within the ___________, and proteins are synthesized within the _________.

Front 31

it is converted to potential energy and heat

Back 31

you have to expend considerable energy to carry a heavy sofa up a flight of stairs. since energy cannot be destroyed, what happens to all the energy you spend?

Front 32

energy

entropy

Back 32

___________is the capacity to perform work, while_________is a measure of randomness.

Front 33

b

Back 33

if someone sitting at the other end of a restaurant smokes a cigarette, you may still beathe in some of that smoke. the movement of smoke through the air of the restaurant is an example of what type of transport?

a.osmosis
b.facilitated diffusion
c.diffusion
d.active transport

Front 34

a

Back 34

the total solute concentration in a red blood cell is about 2%. sucrose cannot pass through a red blood cell's plasma membrane, but water and urea can. osmosis will cause such a cell to shrink the most when the cell is immersed in which of the following?

a.a hypertonic sucrose solution
b.a hypotonic sucrose solution
c.a hypertonic urea solution
d.a hypotonic urea solution

Front 35

b

Back 35

which of the following types of cellular transport require(s) an expenditure of energy?

a.facilitated diffusion
b.active transport
c.osmosis
d.a and b

Front 36

signal transduction pathway

Back 36

a ______________ is a process that links the reception of cell signals to responses within the cell.

Front 37

d

Back 37

the atom sodium contains 11 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons. what is the mass number (atomic weight) of sodium?

a.0
b.11
c.22
d.23
e.34

Front 38

e

Back 38

the lower the pH

a.the greater the hydrogen ion concentration
b.the more acid the solution
c.the lower the pH number
d.the less basic the solution
e.all of these are true

Front 39

a

Back 39

which solution is a stronger acid?

a.pH=1
b.pH=8
c.pH=14
d.pH=7
e.all of these

Front 40

b

Back 40

the measurement of hydrogen ion concentration in solution (which indicates acidity and/or alkalinity) is called the

a.buffer
b.pH
c.alkalinity
d.neutrality
e.atomic number

Front 41

c

Back 41

when two molecules are broken apart by adding water: AB+h2o---->A+B. this is called:

a.alkalinity
b.dehydration synthesis
c.hydrolysis
d.amphipathic

Front 42

a

Back 42

which biological macromolecule type is insoluble in water and includes steroids and oils?

a.lipids
b.monosaccharides
c.nucleic acids
d.proteins
e.carbohydrates

Front 43

b

Back 43

which association is NOT correct?

a.nucleic acids---genes
b.carbohydrate---enzymes
c.fats---long term energy storage
d.cellulose---structural carbohydrate

Front 44

large central vacuole

Back 44

this cell organelle contains plant cell fluid....__________

Front 45

lysosome

Back 45

___________ contains hydrolytic enzymes to "clean up" a cell.

Front 46

chloroplast

Back 46

___________ is the site of photosynthesis

Front 47

exocytosis

Back 47

when a cell expels material out past its membrane, ____________ occurs

Front 48

1000

Back 48

each scale change in this series takes us a ____________ times closer

Front 49

biospher

molecules

Back 49

biologists explore life at levels ranging from the ________ to the _________ that make up cells

Front 50

DNA

Back 50

the legal applications of ___________ technology have become very public in the past decade. This is just one example of biology's prominent role in society today.

Front 51

oxygen,carbon,hydrogen,and nitrogen

Back 51

________,_________,________,and _________ make up 96.3% of the weight of the human body.

Front 52

2
2
2

Back 52

a helium atom consists of _____ protons _________ neutrons and _______ electrons.

Front 53

1

Back 53

the atomic number (number of protons) of hydrogen is....

Front 54

6

Back 54

the atomic number (number of protons) of carbon is......

Front 55

7

Back 55

the atomic number (the number of protons) of nitrogen is .....

Front 56

8

Back 56

the atomic number (the number of protons) of oxygen is....

Front 57

carbon based

Back 57

___________ based molecules make up the majority of life.

Front 58

monosaccharides

Back 58

glucose, ribose, and fructose are examples of....

Front 59

disaccharides

Back 59

sucrose, maltose, and lactose are examples of....

Front 60

polysaccharides

Back 60

starch, cellulose, glycogen, and chitin are examples of....

Front 61

proteins

Back 61

_________ are the most diverse biological group.

Front 62

amino acid

Back 62

the basic unit of protein is ____________.

Front 63

proteins

Back 63

___________ have 4 levels of 3 dimensional complexity...primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Front 64

nucleic acids

Back 64

_________ are the blueprint of life.

Front 65

G, C, and A

Back 65

the three nitrogen bases that are the same in DNA and RNA are ....

Front 66

DNA

RNA

Back 66

______ uses T, while _________ uses U

Front 67

paramecium

Back 67

an example of a protest contractile vacuole is a ___________.