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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Active Immunity
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Permanent; where a person is exposed to disease or is given a vaccine
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Active Transport
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Molecules move against concentration gradient from low concentration to an area of high concentration; requires ATP.
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Binomial Nomeclature
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The scientific name of an organism is a combination of the genus name and the specific epithet.
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Carbohydrates
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Used for short term memory; made of monosaccharides
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Cell Membrane
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Controls what enters and exits cell.
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Cell Wall
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Protects the plant cell as well as gives it it's shape.
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Cellular Respiration
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what cells do to break up sugars into ATP, a chemical which the cell uses for energy.
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Centrioles
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Involved iin cell division(only in animal cells).
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Chemotaxis
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movement of a motile cell or organism, or part of one, in a direction corresponding to a gradient of increasing or decreasing concentration of a particular substance.
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Chloroplast
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a plastid that contains chlorophyll (causes the green color) and in which photosynthesis takes place.
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Classical Conditioning
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a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
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Codominance
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Both genes/ alleles are dominant and share the dominance.
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Courtship Dances
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Behaviors carried out before mating
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Enzyme
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Protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction and is usually used to break down other molecules
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Estivation
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prolonged torpor or dormancy of an animal during a hot or dry period
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Frameshift Mutation
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When a single base is added or deleted form a DNA sequence.
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Gene Therapy
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Experimental technique for correcting defective genes that are responsible for disease development
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Germline
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In the egg and sperm cell; results in permanent changes.
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Golgi Body
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Packages protein and sends them to correct location in the cell.
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Habituation
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the diminishing of a physiological or emotional response to a frequently repeated stimulus
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Hibernation
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to spend the winter in close quarters in a dormant condition, as bears and certain other animals.
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Homeostasis
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a stable environment for the cells of a body.
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Imprinting
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(of a young animal) come to recognize (another animal, person, or thing) as a parent or other object of habitual trust immediately after being born.
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Incomplete Dominance
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Both genes/ alleles are recessive and blend together
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Lipid
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Used for long term energy; made of fatty acids and glycerol
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Lysosomes
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Used to digest cellular waste. (only in animal cells)
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Migration
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seasonal movement of animals from one region to another.
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Mitochondria
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Site of cellular respiration within the cell.
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mRNA
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Carry the protein instructions to the ribosomes.
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Mutation
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Any change in the DNA sequence.
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Nucleic acid
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Used for storing genes; made of Nucleotides. (DNA and RNA)
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Nucleus
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Directs cellular activities.
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Osmosis
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The diffusion of water through a cell membrane.
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Passive Immunity
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temporary; exposed to the antibodies and an example is breast feeding.
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Passive Transport
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Molecules move with the concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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Pheromones
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a chemical substance produced and released into the environment by an animal, especially a mammal or an insect, affecting the behavior or physiology of others of its species.
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Phloem
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the vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.
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Photosynthesis
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the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
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Phototaxis
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the bodily movement of a motile organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototaxis ) or away from it ( negative phototaxis ).
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Phylogeny
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Study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
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Point Mutation
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When a single base is changed in a DNA sequence.
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Proteins
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Used for building muscles, speeding up chemical reactions, and transport oxygen; made of amino acids
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Ribosomes
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Site of translation (where are RNA is converted to proteins).
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Somatic Gene
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Affects only the targeted cells in the patient and not passed to future generations
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Spontaneous Mutation
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As a result of a mistake in base pairing during DNA replication.
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Substrate
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molecule the enzyme breaks down
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Territorial Defense
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When an animal has an area which it regards as its own, and which it defends when other animals try to enter it.
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tRNA
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Transports amino acids to the ribosomes.
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Vacuole
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Water storage within the cell.
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Xylem
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the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.
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