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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Kidneys
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Organ of the vertebrate urinary system that filters blood, adjusts its composition, and forms urine.
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Urine
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Mix of water and soluble wastes formed and excreted by the vertebrate urinary system.
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Urea
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Main nitrogen-containing compound in urine of mammals.
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Ammonia
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Nitrogen-containing compound that is a waste product of amino acid and nucleic acid breakdown.
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Nephron
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Kidney tubule and glomerular capillaries; filters blood and forms urine.
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Cellular Respiration
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The set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, and then release waste products.
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Mitochondria
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Organelle that produces ATP by aerobic respiration in eukaryotes.
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Glucose
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A simple monosaccharide found in plants. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with fructose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion.
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ATP
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Adenosine triphosphate. Nucleotide that consists of an ade-nine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups.
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Organismal Respiration (aerobic)
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Brings in and delivers oxygen to your cells. Picks up carbon dioxide and releases it from the
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Respiratory Surface
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Moist surface across which gases are exchanged between animal cells and the external environment.
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Respiratory Protein
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A protein that reversibly binds oxygen when the oxygen concentration is high and releases it when oxygen concentration is low. Hemoglobin is an example
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Hemoglobin
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Iron-containing protein that reversibly binds oxygen.
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Heme
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The deep red iron-containing prosthetic group of hemoglobin and myoglobin.
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Myoglobin
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Muscle protein that reversibly binds and stores oxygen.
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Bicarbonate
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the most important buffer in the blood and prevents blood from becoming too acidic
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Epiglottis
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Tissue flap that covers airway during swallowing to prevent food from entering airways.
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Trachea
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Airway to the lungs; windpipe.
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Lungs
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Internal gas-exchange organ in some air-breathing animals.
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Bronchial Tree
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a passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs, bronchi and their branching structures.
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Alveolus
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a small air-containing compartment of the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and from which respiratory gases are exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries
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Diaphragm
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Smooth muscle between the thoracic and abdominal cavities; contracts during inhalation.
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