Biology: Rna And Protein Synthesis (12-3)

Front 1

gene

Back 1

sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

Front 2

3 types of RNA

Back 2

rRNA (ribosomal RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), mRNA (messenger RNA)

Front 3

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Back 3

RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell

Front 4

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Back 4

type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes

Front 5

transfer RNA (tRNA)

Back 5

type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis

Front 6

transcription

Back 6

process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in RNA

Front 7

RNA polymerase

Back 7

enzyme that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription

Front 8

promoter

Back 8

region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA

Front 9

intron

Back 9

sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein

Front 10

exon

Back 10

expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein

Front 11

codon

Back 11

three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid

Front 12

translation

Back 12

decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain

Front 13

anticodon

Back 13

group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon

Front 14

polypeptide

Back 14

amino acids that are bonded together in a chain; forms part of or a whole protein

Front 15

amino acid

Back 15

protein monomer