Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
eukaryote
|
a cell that contains a nucleus
|
|
prokaryote
|
a cell that does not have a nucleus
|
|
How are living things organized for study?
|
-To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner
- To avoid the confusion caused by regional names, biologists use a classification system to group organisms in a logical manner and to assign names |
|
What is binomial nomenclature?
|
In binomial nomenclature, each animal is assigned a two-part scientific name (in Latin)
|
|
What is Linnaeus's system of classification?
|
Linnaeus's hierarchical system of classification includes seven levels (taxonomic categories). Largest to Smallest -- Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Species. Dumb King Philip Came Over For Soup
|
|
taxonomy
|
when scientists classify organisms and assign each organism a universally accepted name
|
|
binomial nomenclature
|
a two-word naming system
|
|
genus
|
a group of closely related species
|
|
taxon
|
a category or "level" in Linnaeus's classification system
|
|
family
|
the larger category to which genera that share many characteristics belong
|
|
order
|
is a broad taxonomic category that is composed of similar families
|
|
class
|
the next larger category that is composed of similar families
|
|
phylum
|
includes many different organisms that share important characteristics
|
|
kingdom
|
is the largest and most inclusive of taxonomic categories
|
|
Where does the energy for life processes come from?
|
-Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth
- Some types of organisms rely on the energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds |
|
How efficient is the transfer of energy among organisms in an ecosystem?
|
-Only about 10 percent of the energy among organisms within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level
|
|
How does energy flow through living systems?
|
Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction, from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers)
|
|
food chain
|
a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
|
|
autotroph
|
an organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food
|
|
producer
|
organism that produces its own food
|
|
photosynthesis
|
the process of autotrophs using light energy to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-enriched carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
|
|
chemosynthesis
|
when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
|
|
heterotroph
|
an organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply
|
|
consumer
|
an organism that consumes other organisms for energy
|
|
herbivore
|
an organism that obtains energy by eating only plants
|
|
carnivore
|
an organism that eats other animals for energy
|
|
omnivore
|
an organism that eats both plants and animals to obtain energy
|
|
detritivore
|
an organism that feeds on dead matter and animal remains
|
|
decomposer
|
an organism that beaks down organic matter
|
|
food chain
|
a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
|
|
food web
|
links all the food chains in an ecosystem together
|
|
trophic level
|
each step in the food chain
|
|
ecological pyramid
|
a diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web
|
|
biomass
|
the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level
|