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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of muscular system |
1.Support movement 2.Maintain posture 3.Circulate blood (and other substances) 4.Stabilize joints, 5.regulate organs volume 6.Produce heat |
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Sarcolemma |
Sheath that covers muscle fibre |
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Muscle fibre |
Single multinucleaced cell Made up of MYOFIBRILS and those of MYOFILAMENTS |
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Filaments |
Are made up of protein actin (lighter) Thick ones are made up of protein MYOSIN (darker) |
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Fasciculus |
Group of muscle fibres And fasciculus are grouped into muscles which are protected by a thin sheath called FASCIA |
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Fascia |
Thin sheath that covers muscles |
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Skeletal muscles |
Voluntary Control every action Tire quickly Multinucleaced Striated (pruhovane) |
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Visceral or smooth (muscles) |
Inside organs (stomach, intestines) Not striated Single nucleus Do not tire quickly |
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Cardiac muscle |
Involuntary muscle Responsible for pumping blood Single nucleus Striated Contracts and relaxes rhythmically |
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Sacromere |
Is the functional unit of muscle contraction made of actin and myosin |
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1. Muscles of the head |
a) muscles of facial expression Occipito frontalis lies over the forehead b) muscles of mastication -Masseter is one of the strongest muscles of chewing - Buccinator c) Platysma Muscle on either side of the neck are responsible for head movements |
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2. Muscles of back |
Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi |
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3. Muscles of the thorax |
Diaphragm Intercostal muscles Pectoralis major Serratus anterior (contributes to the movement of scapula) |
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4. Muscles of the abdominal wall |
Rectus abdominus External abdominal oblique (Muscles of the abdominal wall are also involved in helping push a baby though the birth canal during delivery.) |
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5. Muscles of the pelvic floor |
Sphincter urethrae - encircle the urethra and hepls control urine flow Anal sphincter regulates defecation |
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6. Upper limb muscles |
Shoulder Pectoral girdle Arm Forearm Hand Biceps brachii / tricep brachii Brachio-radialis (belongs to the muscles of forearm) |
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7. Lower limb muscles |
Quadriceps femoris / biceps femoris (thigh) Sartorius is the longest muscle Gatrocnemius (acts in the calf and it connects to the heel bone by Achilles tendon) |
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Diseases of muscular system |
Muscular atrophy Is a decrease in the mass of the muscle leading to muscle weakness Muscular dystrophy Is characterised by progressive receding of bone tissue Strains /pulled muscle
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