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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
species
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a group of organisms very similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics, whose members are able to interbreed fully to produce fertile offspring
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habitat
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the place where an organism lives
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biodiversity
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the diversity of live and range of organisms to be found. Includes plant animal and microbial life. It includes a range of habitats, ecosystems and species that are present in the area, and also the genetic variation that exists within each species
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population
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the number of organisms of the same species within an ecosystem or habitat
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community
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the number of organisms of all species within an ecosystem or habitat
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Ecosystem
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All the living and non living components of a specific area and their interactions
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Random sampling
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studying a small part of a habitat and assuming it contains a representative set of species that can be applied to the whole habitat. The sample sites must be chosen at random
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species richness
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number of species present in a habitat
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simpsons diversity index
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a formula used to measure the diversity of a habitat
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biological classification
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the process of sorting living things into groups. Natural classification does this by grouping things according to how closely related they are. Natural classification reflects evolutionary relationships
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taxonomy
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the study of the principles of classification
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phylogeny
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the study of evolutionary relationships between organisms
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binomial system
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uses two names to identify each species. The genus name and the species name
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dichotomous key
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series of questions with two alternative answers to help you identify a specimen
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variation
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the presence of variety and differences between individuals
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genetic variation
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caused by a differences between genes and the combination of genes or alleles.
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continuous variation
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is variation in which there is a full range of intermediate phenotypes between 2 extremes
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discontinuous variation
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discrete groups of phenotypes with no or very few individuals between them
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adaptation
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a feature that enhances survival and long term reproductive success
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xerophytic
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plants that are adapted to living in very dry conditions
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conservation in situ
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conserving a species in its normal environment
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conservation ex situ
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conserving an endangered species by engaging in activities that take place outside its normal environment
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EIA
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a procedure to asses the likely significant effects that a proposed development may have on the environment
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Eukaryotes
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cells that have organelles
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Prokaryotes
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cells that have very few or no organelles. They have 'free DNA' called a plasmid
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Blastula
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a fertilised egg developed into a ball of cells
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taxa
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a class group
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taxon
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a group of organisms which share some basic features
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physiology
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the study of how living things work
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systematic sampling
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sampling at regular intervals
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interrupted or continuous sampling
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gaps or no gaps
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belt transect
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has width one or more quadrats wide
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light transect
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very narrow- light measurement or wind speed
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trent biotic
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a system using presence of invertebrates to rate water quality
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extinction
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when a species ceases to exist
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