Biology Lab Exercise 8 Vocabulary

Front 1

Exercise 8

Back 1

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Front 2

Plant Kingdom

Back 2

All members have evolved both photosynthetic and cellular respiratory metabolic pathways.

Front 3

Photosynthesis

Back 3

CO₂ + H₂O → Organic Molecules (sugars, etc.) + O₂

Front 4

Cellular Respiration

Back 4

Organic Molecules (sugars, etc.) + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + Energy (ATP)

Front 5

Photosynthesis Occurs

Back 5

Only when green plants are exposed to light. Must be studied in light environment, but the results will reflect the simultaneous effects of both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

Front 6

Cellular Respiration Occurs

Back 6

At all times. Must be studied in dark environment.

Front 7

Chlorophyll

Back 7

A green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants. Chlorophyll a participates directly in the light reactions, which convert solar energy to chemical energy

Front 8

How to test for photosynthesis indirectly

Back 8

One product of photosynthesis is the simple sugar (monosaccharide) glucose. Multiple glucose molecules can be bonded together to form starch (amylose and amylopectin) which is a polysaccharide. Therefore, the presence of starch (identified by IKI) is an indirect indicator of photosynthesis.

Front 9

Coleus Leaf

Back 9

The leaf has areas which contain chlorophyll alone (green), anthocyanin, a nonphotosynthetic pigment, alone (red), both pigments (brick red), and no pigment (off-white).

Front 10

Chlorophyll a

Back 10

The main photosyntheic pigment. Participates directly in the light reactions, which convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Front 11

Chlorophyll b

Back 11

An accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfer energy to chlorophyll a.

Front 12

Caroteniod

Back 12

An accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants and in some prokaryotes. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, caroteniods broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.

Front 13

Xanthophylls

Back 13

A photosynthetic pigment that primarily absorbs the yellow part of the light spectrum.

Front 14

Paper Chromatography

Back 14

Can be utilized to separate a mixture of solutes that are found in the same solution. The solutes (in this case, pigments) travel up the paper with the solvent, but at different rates of speed and for different distances based on their solubility in the solvent and molecular size.

Front 15

Know what happens to CO₂ levels when plants are in the dark and when they are exposed to light.

Back 15

CO₂ levels go up in the dark and down in the light.

Front 16

What genus of plant was used in this experiment?

Back 16

?

Front 17

What is the purpose of the beaker of water that is placed between the light source and the leaves?

Back 17

Act as a heat shield.

Front 18

Know the theory behind and procedure for paper chromatography.

Back 18

The process of paper chromatography can be utilized to separate a mixture of solutes that are found in the same solution. The solutes (pigments) travel up the paper with the solvent, but at different rates of speed and for different distances based on their solubility in the solvent and molecular size.

Front 19

What molecules were separated using this technique?

Back 19

Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenes, and xanthophylls.

Front 20

What two factors affect the distance that these molecules traveled?

Back 20

Their solubility in the solvent and molecular size.

Front 21

What is the genus of plant was used in this experiment?

Back 21

?

Front 22

Know the genus of the variegated (Coleus) plant used in Part B of the experiment.

Back 22

Solenostemon

Front 23

Know the names and colors of the pigments found in the leaves of this plant.

Back 23

Chlorophyll (green), Anthocyanin (red), Chlorophyll & Anthocyanin (brick red), and no pigment (white)

Front 24

Which of these pigments is water soluble?

Back 24

Anthocyanin

Front 25

Which of these pigments is alcohol soluble?

Back 25

Chlorophyll

Front 26

What chemical was used as an indirect indicator that photosynthesis had taken place in a particular area of the leaf?

Back 26

IKI

Front 27

What color is seen when this chemical reacts with starch?

Back 27

Black

Front 28

What areas of the leaf showed the presence of starch (e.g. which areas carried out photosynthesis)?

Back 28

The green and brick red areas.

Front 29

Three things that determine how fast the pigment moves up the paper.

Back 29

Molecule size, solubility, and whether pigment H bonds to paper

Front 30

Which pigment is soluble in water?

Back 30

Anthocyanin

Front 31

Which pigment is soluble in alcohol?

Back 31

Chlorophyll a