Biology Iii

Front 1

Each sperm cell of a horse contains 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are there in each of the horse's body cells?

Back 1

64

Front 2

The manufacture of proteins from RNA and amino acids is

Back 2

translation

Front 3

A random change in a DNA nucleotide base sequence

Back 3

constitutes a mutation

Front 4

What are the major sources of genetic variation in sexual reproduction

Back 4

random fusion of gametes shuffling of homologues during meiosis I
crossing over

Front 5

The site of protein synthesis is the

Back 5

ribosome

Front 6

The two cells at the end of meiosis I

Back 6

are haploid

Front 7

If the sequence of bases in a section of DNA is TAGGCTAA, what is the corresponding sequence of bases in mRNA

Back 7

AUCCGAUU

Front 8

a eukaryotic chromosome is made up of

Back 8

a protein and nucleic acid

Front 9

A gene may encode information needed by a cell to produce

Back 9

Structural proteins
RNA
enzymes
hormones

Front 10

By the early 1950s, many biologists realized that the key to understanding inheritance lay in the structure of

Back 10

DNA

Front 11

Chargaff found that the amounts of the four bases vary from species to species, but the amount of adenine always equals the amount of quanine an dthe amount of thymine always equals the amount of cytosine. True or False

Back 11

False

Front 12

The correct structure of a nucleotide is

Back 12

phosphate-5 carbon sugar- nitrogen base

Front 13

The type of RNA that binds to a specific amino acid is

Back 13

transfer RNA

Front 14

Complementary base pairs are held together by

Back 14

hydrogen bonds

Front 15

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindle apparatus

Back 15

metaphase

Front 16

In the comparison of a DNA molecule to a twisted ladder, the rungs of the ladder represent

Back 16

nitrogenous bases linked together

Front 17

the anticodon for AUC is

Back 17

UAG

Front 18

The hereditary material that is present in all cells is

Back 18

DNA

Front 19

Uracil pairs with

Back 19

adenine

Front 20

Transcription is the process of

Back 20

synthesizing an RNA molecule using a DNA template

Front 21

Messenger RNA is single stranded. True or False

Back 21

True

Front 22

If cytosine makes up 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism, then adenine would make up what percent of the bases?

Back 22

28

Front 23

A gene mutation is defined as change in the

Back 23

nucleotide sequence of DNA

Front 24

How can a gene be mutated with no resulting change in the protein that is produced from that gene?

Back 24

A codon has changed, but it codes for the same amino acid as the original codon

Front 25

How can a single gene code for more than one protein?

Back 25

The exons within a mRNA can be spliced together in different ways

Front 26

If we radioactively label the DNA of bacteriophage and then allow them to infect bacteria, where should the radioactivity end up?

Back 26

inside the bacterial cells

Front 27

The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition. Some of this difference is the result of

Back 27

crossing over

Front 28

Each gene is specific for a particular type of protein. True or False

Back 28

True

Front 29

Semiconservative DNA replication means

Back 29

each new DNA molecule has half of the old one

Front 30

If a normal dipoloid cell has eight chromosomes then

Back 30

there are four chromosomes per cell after meiosis.

Front 31

a bacterial cell splits into two new cells by

Back 31

fission

Front 32

Fibosomes are a collection of

Back 32

proteins and small RNAs that function in translation

Front 33

A charged tRNA enters the protein synthesizing machinery at the ribosomes by recognition of its

Back 33

anticodon

Front 34

The sequence of subunits in the DNA "back bone" is

Back 34

phosphate- sugar- phosphate- sugar-phosphate- sugar

Front 35

A codon of mRNA consisits of three bases which will code for an amino acid. True or False?

Back 35

True

Front 36

Pick the best choice for the following statement about DNA: Joins sugar to phosphate

Back 36

covalent bonds

Front 37

Which of the following contains nucleotides but no uracil?

Back 37

DNA

Front 38

Human body cell nuclei contain

Back 38

23 pairs of chromosomes

Front 39

In sexually reproducing organisms, the source of chromosomes in the the offspring is

Back 39

half from the father and half from the mother

Front 40

The main function of meiosis II is

Back 40

seperate sister chromatids during anaphase

Front 41

Which occurs in the nucleus?

Back 41

Transcription and replication of genetic material

Front 42

Pick the best choice for the following statement about DNA: Joins adenine and thymine, and also guanine and cytosine

Back 42

hydrogen bonds

Front 43

During the "S" portion of interphase, what is the cell doing?

Back 43

synthesizing DNA

Front 44

For the DNA sequence GCCTAT in one polynucleotide chain, the sequence found in the other polynucleotide chain is

Back 44

CGGATA

Front 45

The process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called

Back 45

transcription

Front 46

How many different kinds of nucleotides are in DNA

Back 46

4

Front 47

Sister chromatids are

Back 47

Duplicate chromosomes held together by a common centromere

Front 48

When a cell divides

Back 48

each daughter cell receives a nearly perfect copy of the parent cell's genetic information

Front 49

Each new amino acid is attached to the growing chain by

Back 49

a peptide bond

Front 50

The longest period of a cell's life cycle is

Back 50

interphase

Front 51

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical individuals because

Back 51

no meiosis or fertilization takes place

Front 52

Suppose one strand of a "mini-gene" has the following base sequence: TACCCGGATTCA
the last codon in the mRNA will be

Back 52

AGU

Front 53

the rules for base pairing are

Back 53

A with T and G with C

Front 54

DNA has

Back 54

C,T,A and G bases

Front 55

Homologous pairs of chromosomes

Back 55

consist of two chromosomes the same size and with the same genes

Front 56

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

Back 56

resuffling of genes combines defferent alleles in beneficial ways

Front 57

What was the main point of Griffiths experiments with pneumonia

Back 57

There is a substance present in dead bacteria that can cause a heritable change in living bacteria

Front 58

According to the Law of Segregation

Back 58

pairs of factors seperate during the formation of gametes

Front 59

Condominance occurs when

Back 59

both of the alleles in a heterozygote are expressed phenotypically in an individual

Front 60

What would be true if linkage of two genes were compete?

Back 60

Crossing over between the two genes would never occur

Front 61

Blood typing is often used as evidence in paternity cases in court. In one case, the mother had blood type B and the child had blood type O. Which of the following types could the father NOT have?

Back 61

AB

Front 62

Human skin color is the result of

Back 62

polygenic inheritance

Front 63

A sex linked recessive condition resulting in abnormally excessive bleeding is

Back 63

hemophilia

Front 64

A man who carries a harmful sex-linked gene on the X chromosome will pass the gene onto

Back 64

all of his daughters

Front 65

A disorder caused by non-disjunction of chromosome 21 resulting in a trisomy 21 child is

Back 65

Down Syndrome

Front 66

If two parents are carriers of albinism what is the chance that their fourth child will have a homozygous genotype?

Back 66

50%

Front 67

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a

Back 67

Recessive autosomal gene

Front 68

Autosomal nondisjunction can result in

Back 68

Down Syndrome

Front 69

What is the genotype of a dominat individual if some of its offspring show the recessive phenotype?

Back 69

Dd

Front 70

White eyes in male fruit flies is determined by a

Back 70

recessive gene on the X

Front 71

Why would you predict that half of the human babies born will be males and half will be females?

Back 71

because of the segregation of the X and Y chromosomes during male meiosis

Front 72

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short plants what would be the result of crossing the Tt plants?

Back 72

25% tall; 50% intermediate; 25% short

Front 73

A Mendelian test cross is used to determine whether

Back 73

an individual is homozygous or heterozygous