Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why are nucleic acids important?
|
they contain genetic info
|
|
|
What is DNA
|
a polymer of nucleic acid
|
|
|
What does DNA consist of?
|
sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate, & nitrogenous bases
|
|
|
Name the Nitrogenous base pairs
|
adenine & thynine;
cytosine & guanine |
|
|
Explain the structure of DNA
|
Double Helix: 2 strands of nucleic acid polymers
|
|
|
Where are the bases locate in the double helix & how are they bonded?
|
The bases are located on the inside of the helix. adenine & thynine share 2 H-bonds & cytosine & guanine share 3 H-bonds
|
|
|
What is the function of phosphodiester bonds? Sugar phosphates?
|
Phosphodiester bonds join monomers together. Sugar phosphates are the backbone of the outside of the molecule
|
|
|
How does RNA differ from DNA
|
It has ribose sugar, uracil instead of thynine, single stranded
|
|
|
What is a gene?
|
Sequence of nucleic acids (RNA or DNA) that contains genetic info for a protein or RNA molecules
|
|
|
What i the process for encoding a gene?
|
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
|
|
|
What is a ribosome?
|
Catalytic RNA molecule
|
|
|
What is a carbohydrate?
|
aldehyde or ketone with 2 hydroxyl groups; sugar molecules
|
|
|
What is a monosaccharide?
|
monomers of carbs; simple sugars that contain 3-7 C atoms
|
|
|
What is a disaccharide?
|
2 monosaccharides covalently joied by a glycosidic bond
|
|
|
which way do alpha glycosidic bonds point? beta?
|
alpha - down
beta - up |
|
|
How do carbs function as fuel?
|
They can be metabolized to generate cellular energy (ATP)
|
|
|
What are the functions of Carbs?
|
fuel, structure, cell identity
|
|
|
Why are carbs good fuel molecules?
|
They contain reduced Carbon atoms that are oxidized during metabolism -> synthesis of ATP
|
|
|
What is oxidation?
|
the removal of electrons
|
