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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
There are 6 themes that unify all branches of biology. These themes include:
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. Cell structure and function
. stability and homeostasis . reproduction and inheritance . evolution . interdependence . matter, energy and organization |
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The ____ is the basic unit of life
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cell
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only one cell
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Unicellular organisms
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more than one cell
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Multicellular organisms
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The cells of multicellular organisms undergo _______________ to become different types of cells
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differentiation
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Although there are different types of cells, they are similar because they have ____ _________ and _______ ___
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cell membranes and contain DNA
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All living things maintain very stable ________ __________
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internal conditions
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The stable level is known as ___________
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homeostasis
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All organisms produce new organisms like themselves in the process of ____________
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reproduction
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organisms transmit hereditary information in the form of a large molecule called _______________ ____ to offspring
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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A short segment of DNA that contains the code for the development of a specific trait is a ____
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gene
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In ______ ____________, hereditary information from two organisms of the same species is combined
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sexual reproduction
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In _______ ____________, a single cell divides into two cells, each with an identical copy of the genetic code of the parent
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asexual reproduction
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Advantages of Asexual Reproduction:
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Rapid reproduction
Does not rely on outside forces |
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Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction:
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Defects found in parents are found in offspring
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Advantages of Sexual Reproduction:
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Genetic recombination
Diversity |
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Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction:
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Longer reproductive cycle
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Organisms ______, or change, over generations
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evolve
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According to the theory of ________ _________, organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to successfully reproduce than organisms that lack these traits
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natural selection
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The survival of an organism with favorable traits causes a gradual change in the population over generations
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descent with modifications
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To fully understand the biological world, scientists study the interactions of organisms with one another and their environment
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ecology
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To survive, organisms need _________, _____, and _____ ____ ___ ___________
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nutrients, gases and water from the environment
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The stability of the environment depends upon the _______ ___________ __ ___ _________ __ ___ ___________
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healthy functioning of the organisms in the environment
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Almost all energy on Earth comes from the ___
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sun
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Through ______________, most plants and some unicellular organisms capture energy from the sun and change it into a useable form of energy
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photosynthesis
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obtain energy by producing their own food
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Autotrophs
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obtain energy by consuming autotrophs
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Heterotrophs
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All living things:
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Are made of the same basic chemical substances
Are composed of cells Require water and a source of energy Can reproduce and grow Have limited lifespans Can respond to their surroundings Have the ability to move Are able to repair injuries to self Undergo change over time |
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Of the 40 million living species on Earth, only _ _______ have been identified
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2 million
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Adult body is composed of approximately __ ________ cells
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50 trillion
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