Biology I - Exam 2 Study Questions

Front 1

Transfer RNA functions in...

Back 1

Carrying amino acids to the correct site on the mRNA.

Front 2

According to current ideas about the DNA genetic code, every possible triplet codes only for some amino acid. TorF

Back 2

False

Front 3

Though a gene codes for the sequence of nucleotides and ultimately for all aspects of a protein's structure it codes directly only for the?

Back 3

primary structure

Front 4

Some amino acids are specified by several "synonymous" codons. TorF

Back 4

True

Front 5

As proteins are being synthesized, tRNA molecules are constantly being released from the site of amino acid incorporation. What happens to these tRNA molecules?

Back 5

They pick up another amino acid of the same type that they had before

Front 6

Many of the compounds of the Kreb's Cycle and Glycolysis are used to make fatty acids and other important compounds. TorF

Back 6

True

Front 7

A certain gene codes for a polypeptide that is 126 amino acids long. The portion of the gene that codes for this polypeptide is probably how many nucleotides long?

Back 7

378

Front 8

How many possible codes are there from the universal genetic code?

Back 8

64

Front 9

An intron is...?

Back 9

A RNA sequence that is edited from/cut out of a RNA transcript before translation.

Front 10

Leaves turn color in the Fall because ____ as days get cooler and shorter.

Back 10

rate of chlorophyll production decreases

Front 11

Chemical energy formed from light energy that chlorophyll trapped in the ___ and now is used to make sugar in the ___.

Back 11

light reaction, dark reaction

Front 12

Photons having the most energy travel as the longer wavelengths have less energy (yellow-red light). TorF

Back 12

False

Front 13

The different kinds of pigments allow more efficient light absorption by the plant because all of the pigments absorb the same kind/wavelength of light. TorF

Back 13

False

Front 14

Chlorophyll uses magnesium as a needed nutrient because magnesium in part of the chlorophyll molecule. TorF

Back 14

True

Front 15

Why can you walk through a forest without having to fight your way through tall grasses and bushes?

Back 15

Trees shade out grasses and bushes

Front 16

Stomata open and close in relation to day length and water conditions. TorF

Back 16

False

Front 17

The purpose of splitting water to release oxygen is to provide electrons to replace those used to reduced NADP to NADPH. TorF

Back 17

True

Front 18

The cells that control the amount of water, CO2, and O2 that enters and leaves the leaf are called?

Back 18

Guard cells

Front 19

Tropical plants are often C-4 plants that can carry out photosynthesis at lower temperatures and lower concentrations of carbon dioxide than C-3 plants.

Back 19

False

Front 20

Corn arose in the tropics and therefore is a ____ plant.

Back 20

C-4

Front 21

The P700 chlorophyll will not use wave lengths of light greater than 700 nm, while the P680 chlorophyll will not use wave lenghts of light greater than 680 nm because there is too littl energy in the longer wave lengths. TorF

Back 21

True

Front 22

The product of cyclic photophosphorylation is ____ and no ____.

Back 22

ATP, O2

Front 23

The high energy direct products of noncyclic photophosphorylation are ____ and ____.

Back 23

NADPH, ATP

Front 24

The products of the light reactions necessary to drive the dark reaction/Calvin cycle are ____.

Back 24

ATP, NADPH

Front 25

ATP is produced in photosystem II, while NADPH is produced in photosystem I. TorF

Back 25

True

Front 26

The dark reactions of photosynthesis take place in the ____ of the chloroplast whereas the light reactions take place in the ____.

Back 26

stroma, thylakoids

Front 27

The molecular oxygen that is evolved/released during photosynthesis comesw from ____ that has had a ____ stripped from it.

Back 27

water, electron

Front 28

Crops are planted in the spring because of the days are getting longer and colder. TorF

Back 28

False

Front 29

The many cells in the mesophyll in a ____ leaf are usually arranged in to a ring around the bundle sheath, while those of a ____ plant are not so arranged.

Back 29

C-4, C-3

Front 30

In a C4 plant, carbon dioxide is first fixed/combined with a compound called ____ where as in C-3 plants carbon dioxide is first fixed/combined with a compound called ____.

Back 30

PEPA, RuBP

Front 31

Under conditions of high light intensity, intense heat, and dryness, a C-3 plant would ____ because both oxygen and carbon dioxide is being used.

Back 31

photorespire

Front 32

Suppose you are studying a plant that is an unusual yellow color. Which color of light would it not use for photosynthesis?

Back 32

Yellow

Front 33

At night CAM plants like cactus fix carbon dioxide with PEPA (C-3) and store it as oxaloacetic acid (C-4) and then fix carbon dioxide again with RiBCO in day light. TorF

Back 33

True

Front 34

How many ATPs (including from NADPH) does it take to make one glucose molecule?

Back 34

54

Front 35

During the cell cycle the three organelles other than the nucleus, that have the ability to deivide would be ____, ____, and ____.

Back 35

Centriole, chloroplasts, mitochondria

Front 36

When the chromosomes are lined up along the equator with the members of homologous pairs side by side (synapsed) rather than in different places along the equator, this stage is ____

Back 36

First metaphase, meiosis

Front 37

In meiosis and mitosis when the chromosomes are migrating to opposite poles of the cell, this phase is called ____

Back 37

anaphase

Front 38

Synapsis of chromatids of a pair of chromosomes actually occurs during the ____, but is first seen during ____.

Back 38

G-2, first prophase

Front 39

How many chromatids would you expect to find in a cell whose diploid chromosome number is 10 at that stage in the meiotic or mitotic cycle when the nuclear membrane first disappears?

Back 39

20

Front 40

Identical twins are esentially close of each other because they are genetically identical in every way, while fraternal twins are not identical. TorF

Back 40

True

Front 41

When two homologous chromosome (DNA) replicate or duplicate themselves each to form two identical chromatids, and then the identical chromatids migrate together to opposite ends of the cell. This is called ____.

Back 41

Reductional division, meiosis