Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A limiting nutrient
|
a nutrient that is limited or rare in an ecosystem. this “limit” causes cellular growth which makes the cells evolutionarily different
|
|
Primary productivity of a community
|
the amount of biomass produced through photosynthesis per unit area and time by plants: the primary productivity
|
|
Denitrifying bacteria
|
microorganisms whose actions results in the conversion of nitrates in soil into atmosphere nitrogen
|
|
Nitrogen fixing
|
the process by which nitrogen is taken from its relatively inert molecular form (N2) in the atmosphere and converted into nitrogen compounds useful for other chemical processes
|
|
Microscope
|
magnifies small objects not visible to the naked eye
|
|
Coarse focus
|
used to locate an object at the lowest level of magnification
|
|
Fine focus
|
used to focus in on am object so that you can see it clearly
|
|
Diaphragm
|
controls the amount of light shown onto the slide
|
|
High power objective
|
used to focus in on an object really close
|
|
Low power objective
|
used to focus broadly on an object
|
|
Power of magnification
|
the power of the objective lens multiplied by the power of the eypiece
|
|
Eye piece
|
the part of the microscope that you look through and that leads to the objective lenses
|
|
Hierarchy of life
|
atom→molecule→organelle→cell→tissue→organ→organ system→organism→population→community→ecosystem→biome→biosphere
|
|
Characteristics of life
|
ability to: reproduce; evolve; grow; respond to stimuli; retain and use energy; maintain a stable internal environment: based on a genetic code
|
|
Cell Theory
|
1) All living things are composed of cells; 2) Cells are basic units of structure/function; 3) New cells are produced from existing cells.
|
|
Prokaryotic cells
|
first kind of cells; no nucleus; loop of DNA; some internal membranes(cytoplasm/ribosomes)
|
|
Eukaryotic cells
|
nucleus; DNA; structures and internal membranes(membrane bound organelles); DNA separate from rest of cell
|
|
Unicellular
|
one celled
|
|
Multicellular
|
many celled
|
|
Endosymbiosis
|
theory that eukaryotic cells formed from a symbiosis among several difference prokaryotic organisms
|
|
Animal cell
|
has every organelle except cell wall and chloroplast and sometimes has vacuole when doing endocytosis
|
|
Plant cell
|
has every organelle
|
|
Bacteria
|
unicellular prokaryote
|
|
Membrane bound organelle
|
organelles that are bound by a membrane found only in eukaryotes
|
|
Nucleus
|
an organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and has codes for making proteins
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum
|
where lipids proteins and other materials are assembled and exported from the cell
|
|
Golgi apparatus
|
modifies sorts and packages proteins (etc.) from the ER for storage/exportation
|
|
Cytoskeleton
|
a network of protein filaments that helps with movement and helps keep the cell’s structure/shape
|
|
Mitochondria
|
organelles that convert chemical energy into ATP
|
|
Lysosome
|
small organelle filled with enzymes that break down lipids/carbs/proteins/etc.
|
|
Ribosome
|
where proteins are assembled based on coded instructions
|
|
Vacuole
|
supports heavy structures and controls the water content and does homeostasis
|
|
Cell wall
|
outer-most layer in plant cells that provide support/protection for the cell
|
|
Cell membrane
|
semi-permeable membrane that supports/protects cell and regulates what enters/leaves cell
|
|
Fluid mosaic membrane
|
composed of a phospholipids bilayer embedded with proteins
|
|
Phospholipid bilayer
|
two layered arrangement of lipids and phosphates that make up a cell membrane; heads are hydrophilic; tails are hydrophobic
|
|
Hydrophylic
|
attracted to water
|
|
Hydrophobic
|
drawn away from water
|