Biology Final

Front 1

Based on the graph, how does the moose population affect the population of wolves?

Back 1

The wolf carrying-capacity rises as moose populations increase, but with a delayed effect.

Front 2

Two students set up the following apparatus in a lab: a pipette was filled with a mixture of yeast and apple juice and inverted in a test tube filled with warm water. The students observed bubbles being released from the end of the pipette.

Which MOST LIKELY represents the gas being released and the process used to make it?

Back 2

carbon dioxide, respiration

Front 3

Carbon is a major component of all organic compounds, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbon dioxide is continually exchanged between the atmosphere and oceans. What geological process returns carbon to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide?

Back 3

volcanic activity

Front 4

Climax communities __________________communities that are undergoing primary succession.

Back 4

are usually more rich in species biodiversity than

Front 5

Wildfires are frequent In the Great Basin shrub steppe. Every time there is a fire outbreak, much of the natural vegetation is destroyed. What is the MOST LIKELY impact of fire on this ecosystem?

Back 5

A drastic reduction in the animal population due to migration or death by starvation.

Front 6

In the illustration, the structures that project from the cell membrane are ______________ and are used for ______________.

Back 6

cilia, locomotion

Front 7

Proteins destined for extracellular release are packaged in specific vesicles. After packaging, the vesicles bud off and are stored in the cell until a signal is given for their release. When the appropriate signal is received they move towards the membrane and fuse to release their contents.

The cellular organelle, involved in the process described above, is the

Back 7

Golgi apparatus

Front 8

Living cells cannot use heat to provide the activation energy for biochemical reactions because ________. Which choice(s) complete the sentence correctly?

Back 8

Answer choices II and IV

Front 9

One difference between carbohydrates and lipids is that

Back 9

Carbohydrates will dissolve in water but not lipids

Front 10

If you ate bacon and fried eggs for breakfast, the largest component of the energy would come from the

Back 10

grasas. fats

Front 11

Will and Juan decided to make a snack after school: peanut butter and jelly sandwiches and a glass of cold milk. They assembled the following ingredients:
bread
skim milk
grape jelly
peanut butter

Which ingredient provides the most calories and tell why

Back 11

Peanut butter because it contains oils or lipids.

Front 12

Proteins are

Back 12

transported to other parts of the cell by the endoplasmic reticulum from ribosomes.

Front 13

Why is oxygen important for all body cells?

Back 13

It is involved in energy producing cycles.

Front 14

ATP is considered to be an energy carrier molecule. Where is the energy actually located in this molecule?

Back 14

in the bonds between phosphate groups

Front 15

When scientists classify living things, they do not include viruses. This is because viruses

Back 15

are not made of one or more cells.

Front 16

A food that is high in Calories and could be used for energy storage in animals is MOST LIKELY high in

Back 16

lipids.

Front 17

__________ fats or lipids form animal body fat that is used for stored energy and insulation

Back 17

Saturada Saturated

Front 18

______________ fats, such as olive oil and sesame oil, are produced in plants and are liquid at room temperature.

Back 18

Polyunsaturated

Front 19

Lipids are important to living things for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT that they are

Back 19

chained together to form proteins

Front 20

The biomolecule described is a

Back 20

lípidos. lipid.

Front 21

The rapid growth of the human population during the last two centuries is INDIRECTLY responsible for which environmental concern, that in turn, will lead to future species extinction?

Back 21

disminución de la biodiversidad decreased biodiversity

Front 22

All the biological macromolecules contain Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. However, most do not contain nitrogen. The category that contains nitrogen are

Back 22

proteins.

Front 23

Fats are broken into saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Which of these explains the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back 23

Saturated fats have only single bonds on all the carbon atoms.

Front 24

The cells in our body are actually quite similar to unicellular, organisms, like the one seen here. Feeding, removing waste, reproducing: all actions they both have in common. What else do we have in common with this unicellular organism?

Back 24

cell organelles

Front 25

Why would too much salt intake cause someone to develop high blood pressure?

Back 25

Salt in the bloodstream causes fluids to enter the blood from surrounding cells, due to osmosis

Front 26

The picture shows the transfer of a molecule across the cell membrane. Which mode of transport is shown in the image?

Back 26

Diffusion

Front 27

_________ are responsible for the transport of substances down a concentration gradient during facilitated diffusion

Back 27

Carrier proteins

Front 28

Which process describes the ATP-requiring movement of extremely large substances out of a cell in pockets called vesicles?

Back 28

exocitosis exocytosis

Front 29

The rapid growth of the human population during the last two centuries is INDIRECTLY responsible for which environmental concern, that in turn, will lead to future species extinction?

Back 29

decreased biodiversity

Front 30

Which of these organisms is a part of the group that produces all of the available energy in a food web?

Back 30

Césped Grass

Front 31

Solar energy is utilized to convert inorganic carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide, into organic carbon compounds, such as glucose. This is part of the carbon cycle on Earth; a cycle which demonstrates the law of conservation of matter. What process is responsible for inititating this cycle?

Back 31

Photosynthesis

Front 32

A mature pine tree can have a biomass of several tons yet begins its life as a tiny seed, with a biomass of not more than a gram. What contributes to the huge increase in the pine tree's biomass?

Back 32

carbon dioxide and water

Front 33

The burning of coal, a fossil fuel, produces water and carbon dioxide. How is this similar to cellular respiration?

Back 33

Both involve the breakdown of carbon compounds.

Front 34

Most organisms break down sugar to produce usable energy through the process of

Back 34

cellular respiration.

Front 35

Carbon dioxide is constantly exchanged among the atmosphere, ocean, and land. Carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by microorganisms, plants, and animal by natural processes which help maintain a natural balance. However, since the beginning of Industrial Revolution, human activities have contributed substantially to Carbon dioxide gases in the atmosphere.

Which conclusion might be drawn between the relationship found in the graphs of Global Carbon Emissions and Global Temperatures over the past 150 years.

Back 35

increased Carbon emission from human activities are directly correlated to increased global temperatures

Front 36

Membrane proteins are among the most important proteins biologically because they allow cells to communicate with their environments. In humans, they determine whether the immune system recognizes the cell as foreign or not and they are the targets of most pharmaceuticals. In all organisms, membrane proteins are responsible for other functions as well. One function determines when and if cell division takes place. That is

Back 36

activation of growth hormones.

Front 37

One difference between mitochondria and chloroplasts is

Back 37

mitochondria produce water from oxygen while chloroplasts produce oxygen from water

Front 38

In this organelle, carbon dioxide and water are converted to _________ and oxygen.

Back 38

glucose

Front 39

During cell division, or mitosis, an exact duplicate of the original cell is produced. The instructions for cell division are found in the __________ in the __________.

Back 39

nucleus:chromosomes

Front 40

The table above shows the results of an experiment done by Juan and Cindy. Juan and Cindy placed hydrogen peroxide on several food samples and recorded the relative amount of fizz that each produced. The fizz was produced by oxygen bubbles released by the action of the enzyme catalase, which is found in almost every living cell. Which of these is a valid conclusion from their data?

Back 40

Raw liver produced the most oxygen bubbles, followed by raw potato.

Front 41

Annette observed that if she put salad dressing on her salad in the morning before leaving home, by lunch time she found excess liquid in her container and the greens were wilted. Why does this happen?

Back 41

The dressing creates a hypertonic solution around plant cells, which causes water to diffuse out of the cell plasmolysing the cells

Front 42

Living organisms use osmoregulation to balance solute and water concentrations in their cells, tissues and organs. Many marine organisms have internal solute concentrations that are similar to their environment. However, this is not typically true of freshwater and terrestrial organisms.
What is likely to happen to the cells of a freshwater plant if placed in a marine environment?

Back 42

Las células se someterán a plasmolisis. The cells will undergo plasmolysis.

Front 43

Lipids, mainly phospholipids, make up the bulk of the cell membrane. How is the structure of the phospholipid so perfectly paired to the function of the cell membrane?

Back 43

The head of the phospholipid, which is hydrophilic, helps to control the movement of large hydrophobic molecules, and the tails of the phospholipid, which are hydrophobic, help to control the movement of large hydrophilic molecules

Front 44

When blood glucose levels are high and the glucose is not utilized for cellular respiration, the human body will store this glucose in the liver and muscles. In what form is this glucose stored?

Back 44

glycogen

Front 45

Membrane proteins are among the most important proteins biologically because they allow the cells to communicate with their environments. These membrane proteins are responsible for ALL BUT which process?

Back 45

regulating intake of oxygen

Front 46

During the winter time, the total number of hours of sunlight decreases. What effect would this have on the process of photosynthesis?

Back 46

The rate of photosynthesis would decrease and less glucose would be produced.

Front 47

George and Zac were working on their research project for the local science fair. They had four plants which received the same amount of sunlight per day. Two of the plants were given water every other day until the soil was moist. The other two plants were given water only twice during the entire growing period.

Which statement explains why the two plants that were watered only twice died?

Back 47

Without sufficient water, the plants would be unable to do produce glucose and they would die.

Front 48

In an experiment two potted plants, labeled Plant 1 and Plant 2, are placed in transparent plastic bags and left in the open. Sodium hydrogen carbonate is added to the bag covering Plant 1. This compound decomposes slowly to produce carbon dioxide. Soda lime is added to the bag covering Plant 2. This compound absorbs carbon dioxide. Both plants are watered regularly with the same amount of water. After several days, starch test results indicate starch in leaf 1 but an absence of starch in leaf 2.

This experimental data confirms the

Back 48

role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis

Front 49

Plants use carbohydrates to build things such as cellulose. How do plants acquire these building blocks to build mass?

Back 49

They make carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis.

Front 50

Based on the illustration, what happens to most of the mass gained by the plant cell through photosynthesis?

Back 50

The mass produced by the photosynthesis reaction is used by the plant to fuel respiration and is turned into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Front 51

Considering the chemical reaction for cellular respiration, what must be included in the respirometer containing the germinating seeds?

Back 51

oxygen and water

Front 52

What contributes the most to the mass of a plant?

I. Soil
II. Oxygen
III. Carbon dioxide
IV. Water

Back 52

III and IV only

Front 53

Students hypothesized that adding ______________to a sixth test tube would produce the greatest amount of carbon dioxide

Back 53

warm water and lactose.

Front 54

One student group varied the sugars used with the yeast mixture. The students compare glucose (monosaccharide) to fructose (mono) and sucrose (disaccharide). Their results can be seen here. What is one conclusion you could draw from their data?

Back 54

The maximum rate of fermentation was for 5 minutes, with the monosaccharides.

Front 55

Platyhelminthes, like the flatworm seen here, do not have a respiratory system. All but one of the statements explains why this is possible. That is they

Back 55

are anaerobic organisms.

Front 56

ATP is called the energy currency of the cell because

Back 56

most of the energy that drives metabolism is supplied by ATP.

Front 57

Cells move through the cell cycle, growing and dividing as they do. No cell will be able to continue through this cycle without the energy provided by this important molecule. That is

Back 57

ATP. ATP.

Front 58

All living things need energy; it is a requirement for life. In a typical cell, ATP, the high energy molecule, is produced in the __________ in the presence of of a sugar, glucose, and ______________.

Back 58

mitochondria; oxygen.

Front 59

Respiration involves the breakdown of sugar. This process results in the production of energy for the cell. In order for cells to produce the MOST energy, what gas should be present?

Back 59

oxygen

Front 60

In the light dependent photosynthetic reactions, light energy is converted into _________ energy, which is stored in molecules like ATP.

Then, in the light independent photosynthetic reactions, this energy is used to convert CO2 into ________.

Back 60

chemical; sugars

Front 61

The image models the process of photosynthesis. Plants use sunlight, plus carbon dioxide and water to produce food, or glucose. The by-product of photosynthesis is oxygen, which is added to our atmosphere. During a summer drought, what can we expect to happen to these strawbery plants

Back 61

Habrá menos azúcar producido. There will be less sugar produced.

Front 62

Which would have the GREATEST effect on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant?

Back 62

light intensity

Front 63

The size of a food web is limited by the number of

Back 63

primary producers.

Front 64

During metabolism, the complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose results in a maximum yield of 38 molecules of

Back 64

ATP

Front 65

One student group's data for amount of yeast can be seen here. Describe the students' results.

Back 65

There is a direct relationship between the amount of yeast and the rate of fermentation.

Front 66

Look carefully at the model. During a drought, there is less water available for the plants. There is less runoff and less infiltration. During a drought, less water is returned to the atmosphere by the plants through __________, and there is a decrease in the plants' rate of ___________.

Back 66

transpiración; fotosíntesis transpiration; photosynthesis

Front 67

Heterotrophs take in mass in the form of food. Food is either used to build molecules within the body or as fuel for cellular respiration. If used for cellular respiration, this mass will eventually be converted into carbon dioxide, __________, and ____________.

Heterótrofos toman de masa, en forma de alimentos. La comida se utiliza ya sea para construir moléculas dentro del cuerpo o como combustible para la respiración celular. Si se utiliza para la respiración celular, esta masa con el tiempo se convierte en dióxido de carbono, __________, y ____________.

Answers available in ...

6

Take this time to do your
best on this question.

Back 67

water, energy (ATP)

Front 68

When a muscle cell demands energy to contract, what happens to ATP?

Back 68

ATP is hydrolyzed and turned into ADP

Front 69

Two potted plants were used in an experiment to study the amount of starch formed in leaves under different conditions. The table describes the conditions the plants were subjected to and the results of testing the leaves with potassium iodide to detect the presence of starch.

Which of these conclusions is BEST validated, based on the experimental data?

Back 69

Carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis

Front 70

The ________ photosynthetic reactions convert light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in molecules like ATP. In the _________ photosynthetic reactions, this energy is used to convert CO2 into carbon sugars.

Back 70

light dependent; light independent

Front 71

ATP is considered to be an energy carrier molecule. Where is the energy actually located in this molecule?

Back 71

In the bonds between the phosphate groups

Front 72

Roger went on a diet a few months before wrestling season. Through careful eating and daily exercise, he lost eight pounds of fat in two months. What happened to the "weight" or biomass that Roger lost?

Back 72

It was released as carbon dioxide and water.

Front 73

Photosynthesis is the main method by which primary production takes place in an ecosystem. What abiotic factor is a beneficial by-product of primary production?

Back 73

oxygen