Biology Exam 1

Front 1

The archaea which are found living in extremely hot acidic environments such as hot springs, geysers, thermal vents and around volcanoes are known as

Back 1

thermoacidophiles

Front 2

Prokaryotes reproduce by

Back 2

Binary Fission

Front 3

The innermost portion of a virus' structure is made up of ______.
A. either DNA or RNA.
B. both DNA and RNA.
C. a protein capsid.
D. spikes.

Back 3

A. either DNA or RNA

Front 4

The primary source of genetic variability in prokaryotes is

Back 4

Mutations

Front 5

True or False.
A facultative anaerobe is an organism that can metabolize effectively in the presence or absence of oxygen.

Back 5

True

Front 6

_____ have a number of mechanisms to survive in environments that are high in salt

Back 6

Halophiles

Front 7

Viruses always have at least _____.
A. a nucleus
B. a cell wall
C. an inner core of nucleic acid
D. None of these

Back 7

C. an inner core of nucleic acid.

Front 8

What is the correct sequence of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection?

Back 8

Attachment, Viral DNA penetration, Biosynthesis, Maturation and Rele

Front 9

Some, but not all, virus capsids are surrounded by _________.
A. a membranous envelope
B. both DNA and RNA
C. either DNA or RNA
D. a protein capsid
E. a protein spore coat

Back 9

A. a membranous envelope.

Front 10

Which of the following is a mismatch?

A. thermophiles – live in extremely cold temperatures.
B. methanogens – prefer anaerobic environments
C. halophiles – live in high salt environments
D. thermoacidophiles - live in high temperatures and acidic environments

Back 10

A. thermophiles – live in extremely cold temperatures.

Front 11

Archaea and eukarya _____.

A. initiate transcription in the same manner
B. have similar types of RNA
C. share some of the same ribosomal proteins not found in bacteria
D. All of these

Back 11

D. All of these.

Front 12

Which of the following is not characteristic of a prokaryote?

A. cell wall
B. DNA
C. nucleus
D. plasma membrane

Back 12

C. nucleus

Front 13

Which of these is the best description of a virus?

A. a noncellular living organism
B. one of the smallest bacteria known
C. a cell at the boundary between living and nonliving things
D. chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by protein shell

Back 13

D. chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by protein shell

Front 14

Which of the following characterize prions?

A. Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles.
B. Prions cause TSEs, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (mad cow disease).
D. Prions are misshapen proteins that may interact with a normal prion protein to change its shape.
E. All of the choices are correct.
F. A and B only.

Back 14

E. All of the choices are correct

Front 15

Which of these diseases could NOT be treated with antibiotics?

A. chlamydia
B. plague
C. influenza
D. scarlet fever

Back 15

C. influenza

Front 16

Endospores _____.

A. are a means of reproduction
B. can survive for hundreds of years
C. cannot be killed
D. All of these

Back 16

D. All of these

Front 17

Alveolate

Back 17

A group of protists- includes unicellular dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates.
Alveoli support plasma membrane.

Front 18

Amboebozoan

Back 18

Supergroup of eukaryotes that includes amoebas and slime molds.
Characterized by lobe-shaped pseudopodia.

Front 19

Amoeboid

Back 19

Cell that moves and engulfs debris with pseudopods.

Front 20

Apicomplexan

Back 20

Parasitic protozoans

Front 21

Brown Algae

Back 21

Marine photosynthetic protist.

Front 22

Cellular Slime Mold

Back 22

Free living amoeboid cells.
Feed on bacteria and years by phagocytosis.
Forms a plasmodium that produces spores.

Front 23

Diatom

Back 23

Golden-brown alga with a cell wall in two parts.

Front 24

Dinoflagellate

Back 24

Photosynthetic unicellular protist with two flagella- one whiplash

Front 25

Green Algae

Back 25

Photosynthetic protist. Contains chlorophylls a and b.

Front 26

Plasmodial Slime Mold

Back 26

Free living mass of cytoplasm that moves by pseudopods. Reproduces by spore formation.

Front 27

Protist

Back 27

Eukaryotic organism.
Generally microscopic complex singe cell.

Front 28

Protozoan

Back 28

Heterotrophic, unicellular protist.
Moves by flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia.

Front 29

Red Algae

Back 29

Marine photosynthetic protists.

Front 30

Water Mold

Back 30

Cell walls made of cellulose, usually decomposers, but some are parasites of aquatic or terrestrial organisms.

Front 31

Club Fungi

Back 31

Fungi that produces spores in club shaped basidia within a fruiting body.
-Mushrooms
-Shelf Fungi
-Puffballs

Front 32

Fruiting Body

Back 32

Spore producing and spore disseminating structure found in club and sac fungi.

Front 33

Fungus

Back 33

Saprotrophic decomposer- body is made up of filaments called hyphae that form a mass called a mycelium.

Front 34

Lichen

Back 34

Symbiotic relationship b/t certain fungi and algae

Front 35

Mold

Back 35

Various fungi who body consists of a mass of hyphae that grow on and receive nourishment from organic matter such as food.

Front 36

Mycorrhizae

Back 36

Mutualistic relationship between fungal hyphae and roots of vascular plants.

Front 37

Sac Fungi

Back 37

Fungi that produce spores in fingerlike sacs called asci within a fruiting body.
-Morels
-Truffles
-Yeasts
-Molds

Front 38

Yeast

Back 38

Unicellular fungus that has a single nucleus and reproduces asexually by budding or fission, or sexually through spore formation.

Front 39

Alternation of generations lift cycle

Back 39

Life cycle, typical of land plants, in which a diploid sporophyte alternates with a haploid gametophyte.

Front 40

Angiosperm

Back 40

Flowering land plant- the seeds are borne within a fruit.

Front 41

Conifer

Back 41

Member of a group of cone bearing gymnosperm land plants that includes pine, cedar, and spruce trees.

Front 42

Fern

Back 42

Land plants that have large fronds
Sexual life cycle:
independent gametophyte produces flagellated sperm
the vascular sporophyte produces windblown spores

Front 43

Gametophyte

Back 43

Haploid generation of the alternation of generations life cycle of a plant.
Produces gametes that unite to form a diploid zygote.

Front 44

Gymnosperm

Back 44

Type of woody seed plant in which the seeds are not enclosed by fruit and are usually in borne in cones.

Front 45

Heterosporous

Back 45

Seed plant that produces two types of spores- microspores and megaspores.

Front 46

Horsetail

Back 46

Seedless vascular plant having only one genus in existence today.
Characterized by:
-Rhizomes
-Strobili
-Tough, rigid stems

Front 47

Liverwort

Back 47

Bryophyte with a lobed or leafy gametophyte and a sporophyte composed of a stalk and capsule.

Front 48

Megaspore

Back 48

One of the two spores produced by seed plants.
Develops into a female gametophyte (embryo sac)

Front 49

Microspore

Back 49

One of the two spores produced by seed plants.
Develops into a male gametophyte (pollen grain)

Front 50

Moss

Back 50

Type of bryophyte.

Front 51

Nonvascular Plant

Back 51

Bryophytes, such as mosses and liverworts, that have no vascular tissue.

Front 52

Rhizoid

Back 52

Rootlike hair that anchors a plant and absorbs minerals and water from the soil.

Front 53

Rhizome

Back 53

Rootlike underground stem.

Front 54

Seed

Back 54

Mature ovule that contains an embryo, with stored food and a protective coat.

Front 55

Seedless vascular plant

Back 55

Collective name for club mosses and ferns. Characterized by windblown spores.

Front 56

Sporangia

Back 56

Structure that produces spores.

Front 57

Sporophyte

Back 57

Diploid generation of the alternation of generations life cycle of a plant.
Produces haploid spores that develop into the haploid generation.