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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abiotic
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non living
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biotic
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living
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autotroph
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can make its own food
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commenstalism
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a mutual relationship where one organism benefits and the other is not affected
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organisms that cause decay
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decomposers
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place where an organism lives
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habitat
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an organism that can not make its own food
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heterotroph
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relationship between organism that live together
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symbioses
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a group of the same kind of organisms living together in an area
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population
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the job and function of an organism
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niche
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the relationship where both organisms benefit
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mutualism
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A model of all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community
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food web
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a feeding step in a food chain
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tropic level
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A relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is harmed
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paristitism/ predation
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A model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem
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food chain
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organisms that feed off other dead organisms
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decomposers/ scavengers
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all the organisms that live together in an area
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community
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the portion of earth that supports life
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biosphere
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Plants and animals lose water back into the atmosphere through
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respiration
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The process of converting light energy into chemical energy is called
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photosynthesis
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what is used in respiration
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Glucose and oxygen
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what is made in photosynthesis
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glucose and oxygen
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what is made in respiration
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carbon dioxide and water
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how much energy is passed on from one tropic level to the next?
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10%
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what happens to matter as it moves through the food chain
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it is recycled
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What happens to energy that is not passed to the next trophic level?
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it is converted into heat energy
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How much energy is converted to heat when being passed from one trophic level to the next?
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90%
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what is the initial source of energy
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the sun
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organisms that eat only plants
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herbivores
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the law of conservation of energy says
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Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can change form.
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T/F: Most pyramids of numbers show that the number of organisms on succeeding trophic levels decreases
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true
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succession occurs in a stable environment called
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climax comunity
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any factor that restricts the growth and size of the population
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limiting factor
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The maximum number of organisms an environment can support is called the
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carrying capacity
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What type of succession begins with solid rock or lava?
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primary succession
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Large areas with the same characteristic climax communities are
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biomes
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in what biome would you find the most permafrost
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tundra
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what biome has a the greatest amount of diversity
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rainforest
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In what biome would you find most conifer (pine trees)
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taiga
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In what biome would you find organisms good at storing water?
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desert
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What stage of a population’s growth occurs when the population invades a new environment?
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acclimation stage
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During which stage of a population’s growth do the numbers of organisms increase the most?
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During the rapid reproduction stage they demonstrate exponential growth
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Factors that affect population growth, but which are not affected by the population size, are
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density independent factors
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Density independent factors usually involve…
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weather related factors
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The number of rabbits in relation to the population of fox is density ____?
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Density dependent (The number of rabbits depends on the population of fox)
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Flooding would be a density ___ factor for the population of rabbits.
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independent
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Unlimited growth, demonstrated by a J-shaped curve, is called
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exponential growth
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normal growth curves resemble
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the letter S
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What happens to the population size when it reaches the carrying capacity?
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It remains the same, with small fluctuations possible.
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One of the major stressors for populations is
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crowding
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The differences between predators and parasites are
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Predators are usually larger than their prey and intentionally kill their prey
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A natural resource that is replaced or recycled by natural processes is a
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renewable resource
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The most important thing that photosynthesis does is
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To convert light energy into chemical energy
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What is the competitive exclusion principle?
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No two species can occupy the same niche.
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