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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
autotroph
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organisms such as plants, which make their own food.
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heterotroph
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organisms such as animals that cannot use the sun's energu directly. they obtain energy from the foods they consume.
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adenosine triphosphate
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one of the principal chemical compounds that cells use to store and release energy (ATP) . ATP consists of adenine, a 5- carbin sugar called ribose, and three phosphate groups. those three phosphate groups are the key to ATP's ability to store and release energy.
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photosynthesis
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the process where plants use the energuy of the sunlight to convert water and carnon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrates and oxygen , a wast product.
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pigment
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light-absorbing molecules in plants that gather the suns energy.
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chlorophull
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a plant’s principal pigment
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thylakoid
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photosynthesis takes place inside chloroplasts. chloroplasts contain saclike photosynthetic membranes called thylakoids. thylakoids are arranged in stacks known as granna.
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photosystem
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proteins in the thyladoid membrane organize chlorophyll and other pigments into clusters known as photosystems. this is the light collecting units of the chloroplasts.
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stroma
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the region just outside the shylakoid membranes where the calvin cycle takes place.
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NADP+
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One of the electron carrier molecules (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). It has one job, accept and hold 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+).
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light dependent reactions
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plants need light to grow.The light-dependent reactions use energy from light to produced ATP and NADPH. The light-dependent reactions produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH.
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ATP synthesis
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H+ ions cannot cross the membrane directly. However, the cell membrane contains a protein called ATP synthase that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it.
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calvin cycle
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The process where plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high-energy compounds that can be stored for a long time. It does not need light to do this so it is called light-independent reactions.
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