Biology - Chapter 8 Review

Front 1

DIFFUSION OF WATER

Back 1

OSMOSIS

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SUBSTANCE THAT UNDERGOES OSMOSIS

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H2O

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FORM OF ENDOCYTOSIS THAT INVOLVES ENGULPHING LIQUIDS. (AKA. "CELL-DRINKING")

Back 3

PINOCYTOSIS

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PROTEIN THAT SPANS THE WIDTH OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

Back 4

TRANSMEMBRANE

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A TYPE OF MOLECULE THAT LOVES WATER!!!

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HYDROPHILIC

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SOLUTION WHICH IS LESS CONCENTRATED RELATIVE TO A SECOND SOLUTION

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HYPOTONIC

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PORTION OF A SOLUTION THAT IS PRESENT IN THE LARGER QUANTITY

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SOLVENT

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THE COMMON NAME FOR A 'LIPID'

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FAT

Front 9

PORTION OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE THAT IS HYDROPHILIC

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PHOSPHATE HEAD

Front 10

A TYPE OF PROTEIN THAT SPEEDS UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS

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ENZYME

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EXTRA-CELLULAR FLUID (IE. AREA OUTSIDE OF THE CELL)

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ECF

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THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN AN ANIMAL CELL IS PLACED INTO A HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

Back 12

CRENATION

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THIS IS THE RESULT OF PLACING A PLANT CELL INTO A HYPOTONIC SOLUTION

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TURGOR PRESSURE

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ENERGY CURRENCY OF THE CELL

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ATP

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THIS IS A STRUCTURE CELLS HAVE TO INCREASE THEIR SURFACE AREA

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VILLI

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THIS IS THE AREA WHERE RECEPTORS ARE LOCATED ON THE CELL MEMBRANE

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COATED PITS

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THIS IS WHAT THE PLASMA MEMBRANE IS COMPOSED OF

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PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER

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AN ORGANELLE THAT ONLY PLANT CELLS HAVE

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CELL WALL

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THIS IS ACHIEVED WHEN SOLUTIONS ON BOTH SIDES OF A SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE ARE THE SAME CONCENTRATION

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EQUILBRIUM

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THIS IS A FORM OF ENDOCYTOSIS IN WHICH SOLID PARTICLES ARE ENGULFED BY THE CELL (AKA. "CELL-EATING")

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PHAGOCYTOSIS

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THIS IS A FORM OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT IN WHICH SOLUTE EXITS THE CELL

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EXOCYTOSIS

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THIS IS A FORM OF TRANSPORT WITHIN THE CELL WHICH REQUIRES NO ENERGY INPUT

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PASSIVE TRANSPORT

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THIS TYPE OF PROTEIN IS FOUND ON THE SURFACE OF MEMBRANES

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PERIPHERAL

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THIS IS THE CURRENT ACCEPTED MODEL FOR THE CELL MEMBRANE

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FLUID MOSAIC MODEL

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THIS TYPE OF PROTEIN IS FOUND EMBEDDED WITHIN THE CELL MEMBRANE

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INTEGRAL

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THIS IS A TYPE OF SUBSTANCE THAT IS SIMULTANEOUSLY HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC

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AMPHIPATHIC

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THIS IS A TYPE OF PROTEIN THAT ASSISTS IN FACILITATED DIFFUSION AND FORMS A TUNNEL THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE

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CHANNEL PROTEIN

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THIS IS A SMALL MOLECULE WHICH IS OFTEN FOUND IN THE CELL MEMRANE (TOO MUCH CAN KILL YOU!!!)

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CHOLESTEROL

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CELLS WANT TO DECREASE THEIR VOLUME IN ORDER TO INCREASE THIS

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SURFACE AREA

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THIS INCREASES AS OBJECTS INCREASE IN SIZE (HINT: NOT SURFACE AREA :) )

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VOLUME

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THIS IS A SMALLER VERSION OF A VACUOLE

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VESICLE

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THIS IS A MEASURE OF A SOLUTION'S TONICITY

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CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

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THIS IS THE BROAD CATEGORY WHICH INCLUDES PHAGOCYTOSIS, PINOCYTOSIS AND RECEPTOR MEDIATED ____________________.

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ENDOCYTOSIS

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THIS IS A SOLUTION WHICH IS HIGHER IN SOLUTE CONCENTRATION THAN THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT

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HYPERTONIC

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THIS IS AN ANALOGY FOR THE CELL MEMBRANE

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GATE-KEEPER

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THIS IS THE LAYMAN'S TERM FOR HYDROPHILIC

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"WATER-LOVING"

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THIS IS THE WORD USED WHEN A SUBSTANCE IS UNABLE TO PASS THROUGH A MEMBRANE

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IMPERMEABLE

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THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A PLANT CELL IS PLACED IN A HYPERTONIC ENVIRONMENT

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PLASMOLYSIS

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THIS IS A TYPE OF PROTEIN USED IN BOTH ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TRANSPORT (HINT: LOCK AND KEY)

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CARRIER PROTEIN

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THIS IS THE TERM USED TO DESCRIBE A TYPE OF MEMBRANE THAT ALLOWS SOME SUBSTANCES TO PASS THROUGH BUT NOT OTHERS

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SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE