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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gamete |
a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote
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zygote
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the cell that results from the fusion of gametes
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diploid
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a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
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haploid
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describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
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homologous chromosomes
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chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis
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meiosis
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a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores
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crossing - over
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the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis
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independent assortment
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the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes
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life cycle
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all of the events in the growth and development of an organism until the organism reaches sexual maturity
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sperm
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the male gamete (sex cell)
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ovum
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a mature egg cell
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spermatogenesis |
The process by which sperm are produced in male animals |
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oogenesis |
The process by which gametes are produced in female animals |
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asexual reproduction |
a single parent passes copies of all of its genes to each of its offspring. No fusion of haploid cells such as gametes. |
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clone |
an organism that is genetically identical to its parent |
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sexual reproduction |
two parents each form reproductive cells that have one-hlf the number of chromosomes. |
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fertilization |
the gametes join. |
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sporophyte |
the diploid phase in the life cycle that produces spores. |
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spore |
is a haploid reproductive cell produced by meiosis that is capable of developing into an adult without fusing with another cell. |
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gametophyte |
is the haploid phase that produces gametes by mitosis. |
