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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gram-positive
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The group of bacteria with simpler cell walls witha relatively large amount of peptidoglycan. Less toxic than gram-negative bacteria.
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Gram-negative
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The group of bacteria with a structurally more complex cell wall made of less peptidoglycan. More toxic than gram-positive bacteria.
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Nucleotide region
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The region in a prokaryotic cell consisting of a concentrated mass of DNA.
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Binary fission
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The type of cell division by which prokaryotes reproduce. Each dividing daughter cell receives a copy of the single parental chromosome.
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Transformation
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A prokaryotic cell takes up genes from the surrounding environment, allowing for considerable genetic transfer between prokayotes.
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Conjugation
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In bacteria, the direct transfer of DNA between two cells that are temporarily joined.
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Transduction
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A DNA-transfer process used by phages to carry bacterial genes from one host cell to another.
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Plasmid
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A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of a bacterial chromosome; also found in some eukaryotes, such as yeast.
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Endospore
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A thick-coated, resistant cell produced within a bacterial cell exposed to harsh conditions.
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Antibiotic
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A chemical that kills bacteria or inhibits their growth.
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Photoautotroph
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An organism that harnesses light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide.
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