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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Central principle of gene expression |
DNA -> RNA -> protein |
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Step One of Gene Expression |
Transcription (nucleus): - makes RNA copy of a gene - single-stranded - contains info for making polypeptides - sends info from DNA to ribosome |
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Step Two of Gene Expression |
Translation (cytoplasm): - mRNA interacts w/ribosomes and tRNA - ribosome: the site of protein synthesis |
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Transcription |
Synthesis of RNA from a DNA template |
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Gene |
- unit of heredity - contains info for making polypeptides or RNA |
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Structural genes |
encode polypeptides |
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mRNA |
copy of instructions for amino acid sequence in a polypeptide - one strand of DNA serves as template for mRNA synthesis |
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Forms of RNA polymerase |
- type II: transcribes mRNA from structural genes - types I & III: transcribe non-structural genes |
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Stages of Transcription |
- initiation - elongation - termination |
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Initiation |
- DNA strands separate - short segment of DNA is separated |
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Elongation |
- RNA polymerase makes mRNA from DNA template strand - mRNA synthesis occurs in 5' to 3' |
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Termination |
- RNA polymerase reaches a terminator program |