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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Central principle of gene expression

DNA -> RNA -> protein

Step One of Gene Expression

Transcription (nucleus):


- makes RNA copy of a gene


- single-stranded


- contains info for making polypeptides


- sends info from DNA to ribosome

Step Two of Gene Expression

Translation (cytoplasm):


- mRNA interacts w/ribosomes and tRNA


- ribosome: the site of protein synthesis

Transcription

Synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

Gene

- unit of heredity


- contains info for making polypeptides or RNA

Structural genes

encode polypeptides

mRNA

copy of instructions for amino acid sequence in a polypeptide


- one strand of DNA serves as template for mRNA synthesis

Forms of RNA polymerase

- type II: transcribes mRNA from structural genes


- types I & III: transcribe non-structural genes

Stages of Transcription

- initiation


- elongation


- termination

Initiation

- DNA strands separate


- short segment of DNA is separated

Elongation

- RNA polymerase makes mRNA from DNA template strand


- mRNA synthesis occurs in 5' to 3'

Termination

- RNA polymerase reaches a terminator program