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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Somatic cells |
Make up most of your body tissues and organs- body cells |
Somakeup |
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Gametes |
Eggs in the female and sperm cells in the male- sex cells |
Gameggs |
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Homologous chromosomes |
2 chromosomes that have the same length and general appearance |
Homo=same |
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Autosomes |
Chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of an organism |
Automatically different |
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Sexual reproduction |
The fusion of 2 gametes, resulting in offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents |
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Fertilization |
Actual fusion of an egg and a sperm cell |
Fertile fusion |
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Diploid |
Means that a cell has 2 copies of each chromosome |
Di=bi=2 |
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Haploid |
A cell has 1 copy of each chromosome |
1=happy |
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Meiosis |
A form of nuclear division the divides a diploid cell into haploid cells |
divides |
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Polar Bodies |
cells with a little more than DNA that are eventually broken down |
polar= north pole + north= more/higher |
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Genetics |
Study of biological inheritance patterns and variation in organisms |
study |
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Purebred |
genetically uniform |
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Cross |
the mating of 2 organisms |
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law of segregation |
Mendels 1st law- organisms inherit 2 copies of each gene, 1 from each parent + organisms donate 1 copy of each gene in their gametes |
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4 differences between Mitosis and Meiosis |
Mitosis: - Produces genetically identical cells - results in diploid cells - takes place throughout an organism's lifetime - involved in asexual reproduction Meiosis: - Produces unique cells - results in haploid cells - takes place only at certain times - involved in sexual reproduction |
Mitosis- asexual Meiosis- sexual |
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what are homologous chromosomes |
Pairs of like chromosomes, inherit one from each parent, carry the same genes although the genes may code for different traits, seperate in Meiosis I |
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what are sister chromatids |
duplicates of eachother, each half a duplicated chromosome, attached together at the centromere, seperate in Meiosis II |
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what does P mean |
purebred purple flower pea plants (PP) x purebred white flowers pea plants (pp) |
P=purebred |
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what does F1 mean |
all heterozygous (Pp) all purple |
1 small, 1 large |
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what does F2 mean |
1PP: 2Pp: 1pp |
2 Pp |
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number of chromosomes in a human cell |
46 |
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What does Meiosis I divide |
Homologous chromosomes |
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What does meiosis II divide |
Sister chromatids and it ends up with haploid cells |
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