Biology Ch. 23

Front 1

balanced polymorphism

Back 1

The ability of natural selection to maintain diversity in a population.

Front 2

balanced polymorphism

Back 2

The ability of natural selection to maintain diversity in a population.

Front 3

bottleneck effect

Back 3

Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a population

Front 4

cline

Back 4

Graded variation in some traits of individuals that parallels a gradient in the environment.

Front 5

Darwinian fitness

Back 5

The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation

Front 6

founder effect

Back 6

Genetic drift attributable to colonization by a limited number of individuals from a parent population.

Front 7

frequency-dependent selection

Back 7

A decline in the reproductive success of a morph resulting from the morph's phenotype becoming too common in a population; a cause of balanced polymorphism in populations.

Front 8

gene flow

Back 8

The loss or gain of alleles in a population due to the migration of fertile individuals or gametes between populations.

Front 9

gene pool

Back 9

The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time.

Front 10

genetic drift

Back 10

Changes in the gene pool of a small population due to chance.

Front 11

geographic variation

Back 11

Differences in genetic structure between populations.

Front 12

Hardy-Weinberg formula

Back 12

A formula for calculating the frequencies of genotypes in a gene pool from the frequencies of alleles and vice versa.

Front 13

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Back 13

The condition describing a non-evolving population (one that is in genetic equilibrium).

Front 14

Hardy-Weinberg theorem

Back 14

An axiom maintaining that the sexual shuffling of genes alone cannot alter the overall genetic makeup of a population.

Front 15

heterozygote advantage

Back 15

Greater reproductive success of heterozygous individuals compared to homozygotes; tends to preserve variation in gene pools.

Front 16

intersexual selection

Back 16

Individuals of one sex (usually females) are choosy in selecting their mates from individuals of the other sex

Front 17

intrasexual selection

Back 17

A direct competition among individuals of one sex (usually the males in vertebrates) for mates of the opposite sex.

Front 18

microevolution

Back 18

A change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation.

Front 19

modern synthesis

Back 19

A comprehensive theory of evolution emphasizing natural selection

Front 20

mutation

Back 20

A rare change in the DNA of a gene ultimately creating genetic diversity.

Front 21

neutral variation

Back 21

Genetic diversity that confers no apparent selective advantage.

Front 22

population genetics

Back 22

The study of genetic changes in populations; the science of microevolutionary changes in populations.

Front 23

population

Back 23

A group of individuals of one species that live in a particular geographic area.

Front 24

relative fitness

Back 24

The contribution of one genotype to the next generation compared to that of alternative genotypes for the same locus.

Front 25

sexual dimorphism

Back 25

A special case of polymorphism based on the distinction between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females.

Front 26

species

Back 26

A group whose members possess similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed.

Front 27

founder effect

Back 27

Genetic drift attributable to colonization by a limited number of individuals from a parent population.

Front 28

frequency-dependent selection

Back 28

A decline in the reproductive success of a morph resulting from the morph's phenotype becoming too common in a population; a cause of balanced polymorphism in populations.

Front 29

gene flow

Back 29

The loss or gain of alleles in a population due to the migration of fertile individuals or gametes between populations.

Front 30

gene pool

Back 30

The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time.

Front 31

genetic drift

Back 31

Changes in the gene pool of a small population due to chance.

Front 32

geographic variation

Back 32

Differences in genetic structure between populations.

Front 33

Hardy-Weinberg formula

Back 33

A formula for calculating the frequencies of genotypes in a gene pool from the frequencies of alleles and vice versa.

Front 34

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Back 34

The condition describing a non-evolving population (one that is in genetic equilibrium).

Front 35

Hardy-Weinberg theorem

Back 35

An axiom maintaining that the sexual shuffling of genes alone cannot alter the overall genetic makeup of a population.

Front 36

heterozygote advantage

Back 36

Greater reproductive success of heterozygous individuals compared to homozygotes; tends to preserve variation in gene pools.

Front 37

intersexual selection

Back 37

Individuals of one sex (usually females) are choosy in selecting their mates from individuals of the other sex

Front 38

intrasexual selection

Back 38

A direct competition among individuals of one sex (usually the males in vertebrates) for mates of the opposite sex.

Front 39

microevolution

Back 39

A change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation.

Front 40

modern synthesis

Back 40

A comprehensive theory of evolution emphasizing natural selection

Front 41

mutation

Back 41

A rare change in the DNA of a gene ultimately creating genetic diversity.

Front 42

neutral variation

Back 42

Genetic diversity that confers no apparent selective advantage.

Front 43

population genetics

Back 43

The study of genetic changes in populations; the science of microevolutionary changes in populations.

Front 44

population

Back 44

A group of individuals of one species that live in a particular geographic area.

Front 45

relative fitness

Back 45

The contribution of one genotype to the next generation compared to that of alternative genotypes for the same locus.

Front 46

sexual dimorphism

Back 46

A special case of polymorphism based on the distinction between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females.

Front 47

species

Back 47

A group whose members possess similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed.

Front 48

polymorphism

Back 48

The coexistence of two or more distinct forms of individuals (polymorphic characters) in the same population.

Front 49

natural selection

Back 49

Differential success in the reproduction of different phenotypes resulting from the interaction of organisms with their environment. Evolution occurs when natural selection causes changes in relative frequencies of alleles in the gene pool.