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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is type 1 diabetes? |
Lack of insulin, does not produce insulin. |
Pancreas doesn't
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Type 2 diabetes
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Resistant to insulin |
Cells in the body respond less well |
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How can type 1 diabetes be controlled? |
Injecting insulin |
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How to control type 2 diabetes? |
Changing a person'a diet Increases amount of excercise |
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How to control type 2 diabetes? |
Changing a person'a diet Increases amount of excercise |
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What is classification |
Sorting organisms into groups base in their characteristics. |
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Organisms that have many characteristics in common are the same... |
Species |
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How to control type 2 diabetes? |
Changing a person'a diet Increases amount of excercise |
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What is classification |
Sorting organisms into groups base in their characteristics. |
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Organisms that have many characteristics in common are the same... |
Species |
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Name the 5 kingdoms |
Animalia Plantae Fungi Protoctista Prokaryote |
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Main characteristics of animalia |
Multicellular, heterotrophic feeders so no chlorophyll, no cell walls, complex cell structure |
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Plante's main characteristics |
Multicellular, autotrophic feeders using chlorophyll, cell walls made of cellulose, complex cell structure with nucleus |
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Fungi's main characteristics |
Multicellular, cell walls not made of cellulose, saprophytic feeders ~ no chlorophyll ~ complex cell structure |
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Fungi's main characteristics |
Multicellular, cell walls not made of cellulose, saprophytic feeders ~ no chlorophyll ~ complex cell structure |
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Protoctista |
Mostly unicellular , with nucleus ~ complex cell |
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Fungi's main characteristics |
Multicellular, cell walls not made of cellulose, saprophytic feeders ~ no chlorophyll ~ complex cell structure |
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Protoctista |
Mostly unicellular , with nucleus ~ complex cell |
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Prokaryote |
Unicellular, simple cell structure no nucleus |
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No kingdom for viruses because ... |
Scientists do not think of them being alive. The actually particle does not show any life processes eg. Growth or feeding |
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Multicellular |
Made of many cells |
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No kingdom for viruses because ... |
Scientists do not think of them being alive. The actually particle does not show any life processes eg. Growth or feeding |
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Multicellular |
Made of many cells |
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Unicellular |
Single cells |
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Autotrophically... |
Plants making their good using photosythesis |
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Autotrophically... |
Plants making their good using photosythesis |
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Animals feed... |
Heterotrophically.. Eating and disgusting other organisms |
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Autotrophically... |
Plants making their good using photosythesis |
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Animals feed... |
Heterotrophically.. Eating and disgusting other organisms |
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How do fungi feed? |
Saprophytically, digesting other organisms |
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what are the kingdoms subdivided into? |
kingdom phylum class order family genus soup |
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what are vertebrates? |
animals with a backbone |
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vertebrates are divided into 5 groups, called classes. What are they? |
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals |
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what 3 things do scientists base the vertebrate classes on? |
1) how they absorb oxygen 2) how they reproduce 3) if they are homeotherms or poikilotherms |
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what does being oviparous mean? |
lay eggs |
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what does viviparous mean? |
giving birth to live young, fed milk my mother. |
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what is meant by homeotherms? |
this means they are warm blooded - body temp kept consistent by homoeostasis. |
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what is meant by poikilotherms? |
means they are cold blooded - body temp changes with external temp. |
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what is the binomial name system? |
the two-part latin name, that helps scientists to identify species, study species, conserve species. |
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what does the first and second part of an animals binomial name refer to? |
1st part = the genus 2nd part = the species |
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what is genetic variation? |
genes which you inherit, eg - eye colour, blood group, inherited disorders (cystic fibrosis) |
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examples of characteristics due to the environment? |
diet, temperature, suntan |
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most characteristics are due to GENES and the ENVIRONMENT =mixture |
eg - height, body weight, skin colour, condition of teeth. |
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what is continuous variation? |
individuals in a population vary within a rage. No distinct category |
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what is discontinuous variation? |
when there are two or more distinct characteristics |
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when living in an extreme environment? |
organisms have to be specially adapted? |
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how have deep-sea fish adapted to living in the deep ocean? |
1st - able to emit light from parts of their body 2nd - huge mouth = scope up food 3rd - huge eyes adapted to the dark = locate prey |
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how have polar bears adapted? |
compact shape (rounded) = small surface area Insulation - thick layer Thick hairy coats Big feet to spread weight White fur - to camouflage |
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what is natural selection? |
survival of the fittest |
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what is evolution? |
the slow and continuous change from one generation to the next |
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If you are better adapted to the environment, what will you have a better chance of + why? |
better chance of survival, more likely to breed successfully = these beneficial characteristics will be passed on. |
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what is evolution causes by? |
gradual changes in DNA |
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how do scientists validate their evidence? |
scientific journals, peer review, scientific conferences. |
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what is speciation? |
the development of a new species |
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when does speciation occur? |
when populations of the same species become so different = no longer breed together to produce fertile offspring. |
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how can speciation occur? |
through, isolation - populations are separated, conditions - would have different characteristics from different climates. Changed so much = separate species |
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what does the nucleus contain? |
all your genetic information to form chromosomes. |
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how many pairs of chromosomes does the nucleus contain? |
23 pairs |
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what do chromosomes carry? |
your genes, to control the development of your characteristics. |
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what are chromosomes? |
Long lengths of DNA coiled up, a gene is a short section of this. |
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A allele is what? |
The different versions of the same gene. |
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homozygous is when.... |
two alleles for a gene = the same |
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If two alleles = different |
heterozygous |
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If a characteristic is dominant a what letter will be shown? |
A capital letter eg. C |
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A recessive allele will be shown by... |
A small letter eg. c |
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What allele is Cystic Fibrosis caused by? |
A recessive Allele |
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what are symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis? |
Breathing difficulties Lung infections Malnutrition Fertility Problems |
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People with one copy of the allele will.... |
Not have C.F, be a carrier of it. |
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What is C.F? |
When sticky mucus in the air passages, gut + pancreas is produced. |
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What is Sickle Cell Anaemia? |
Genetic disorder = funny shaped red blood cells. Get stuck in capillaries - depriving body of oxygen. |
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What are symptoms of Sickle Cell? |
Tiredness, painful joints + muscles, fever. |
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