Biology

Front 1

biodiversity

Back 1

the number if different species within an ecosystem

Front 2

evolution

Back 2

they way in which the body adapts to prevent distinction

Front 3

habitats

Back 3

the place in which a certain species lives

Front 4

niche

Back 4

the way in which a particular species exploits their environment

Front 5

adapted

Back 5

changes made in order to exploit their niche

Front 6

physiological adaptations

Back 6

internal workings of organisms which help them to survive and reproduce

Front 7

anatomical adaptations

Back 7

structural changes the naked eye can see

Front 8

behavioural adaptations

Back 8

any actions by the organism which help them survive or reproduce

Front 9

evolution

Back 9

survival of the fittest

Front 10

natural selection

Back 10

1. a population has some naturally-occurring genetic variation with new alleles created through mutations

2. a change in the environment causes a change in the selection pressures acting on the population

3. an allele which previously of no particular advantage now becomes favourable

4. organisms with the allele are more likely to survive, reproduce and so produce offspring

5. their offspring are more likely to have the allele, so it becomes more common in the population

Front 11

being adaptable

Back 11

the strength of the selection pressure

the size of the gene pool

the reproductive rate of the organism

Front 12

gene pool

Back 12

all the alleles of all the genes present in a population

Front 13

genus

Back 13

first part of the name, closely related to the species

Front 14

taxonomy

Back 14

classification of a species

Front 15

family

Back 15

two closely related genera are grouped together

Front 16

class

Back 16

grouped with the same structural properties

Front 17

genetic diversity

Back 17

unique combination of alleles

Front 18

genetic diversity

Back 18

gene point mutations

mate selection

random fertilisation

independent assortment

crossing over

chromosome mutations

Front 19

species richness

Back 19

how many different species there are in a habitat

Front 20

species evenness

Back 20

how many of one species are in the habitat

Front 21

dominant

Back 21

very common species in a habitat

Front 22

lignin

Back 22

structure in plant stems used for strength

Front 23

microfibrils

Back 23

bundles of cellulose molecules

Front 24

pectins

Back 24

polysaccharide that holds the microfibril together

Front 25

plasmodesmata

Back 25

fluid channel between cell walls

Front 26

xylem vessels

Back 26

form tubes for transport and their stiffened cell walls help support the plant

Front 27

sclerenchyma

Back 27

columns of these cells with their stiffened cells also provide support

Front 28

phloem tubes

Back 28

transport of products of photosynthesis

Front 29

transporation

Back 29

water evaporating from the plant

Front 30

transporation stream

Back 30

flow of water through the plant

Front 31

turgid

Back 31

a cell that is completely full

Front 32

plant fibres

Back 32

long and thin

flexible

strong

Front 33

plumule

Back 33

young shoot

Front 34

radicle

Back 34

young root

Front 35

cotyledon

Back 35

small leaves

Front 36

endosperm

Back 36

energy source

Front 37

starch from seeds

Back 37

thickening

stiffening fabrics

super-absorbents

starch foam

Front 38

sustainability

Back 38

if something can be reproduced easily

Front 39

role of zoos

Back 39

protection

entertainment

captive breeding programs

Front 40

genetic drift

Back 40

change in allele frequency overtime

Front 41

captive breeding

Back 41

increasing the number of individuals of the species if numbers are low

maintaining genetic diversity within the captive population

reintroducing animals into the wild if possible

Front 42

inbreeding depression

Back 42

individuals inheriting recessive alleles from both parents and the accumulation of the homozygous recessive genotypes in the offspring my result in alleles having harmful effects

Front 43

keeping stud books

Back 43

to keep the gene pool wide

prevent inbreeding depression

conserve genetic diversity