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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What type of movement do plane joints have?
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-Uniaxial
-Gliding motion -Ex: Interveretbral, costovertebral, sternocostal |
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What type of movement do saddle joints have?
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-Biaxial movement
-Ex: Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb |
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What type of movement do hinge joints have?
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-Uniaxial
-Convex and Concave -Ex: Knee and Elbow |
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What type of movement do pivot joints have?
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-Uniaxial
-Cylindrical process inside a ring -Ex: Radioulnar joints |
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What type of movement do ball and socket joints have?
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-Multiaxial
-Ex: Shoulder and Hip |
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What type of movement do Ellipsoid joints have?
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-Biaxial
-Ex: Atlantooccipial (Joint of the neck) |
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Describe Flexion and Extension
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-Flexion: movement of a body part in front of the coronal plane
-Extension: movement of a body part behind the coronal plane |
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Describe Abduction and adduction
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-Abduction: movement away from the midline (spreading apart fingers)
-Adduction: movement towards the midline (closing fingers back together |
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Describe medial and lateral rotation
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-Medial rotation: rotating towards the midline
-Lateral rotation: rotating away from the midline |
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What is circumduction?
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-Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
- Ex: a baseball player getting ready to pitch |
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Describe pronation and supination
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Pronation: Forearm facing down
Supination: Forearm facing up |
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Describe protraction and retraction
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Protraction: Gliding motion moving a structure anterior
Retraction: Moves structure back, or even more posteriorly |
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What is Lateral excursion?
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Moving the jaw (mandible) to either right or left midline
(Medial excursion moves the jaw back to the middle) |
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Describe Inversion and Eversion
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-Inversion: Bottom of foot faces opposite foot (supination)
-Eversion: Bottom of foot faces outwards (pronation) |
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What are the three types of joints?
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-Fibrous
-Cartilage -Synovial |
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Do fibrous joints have a cavity?
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No
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Are fibrous joints very moveable?
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No
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What are the three types of fibrous joints?
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1)Skull sutures: during growth they are loose (fontanels)
2)Syndesmoses: 2 bones united by a fibrous ligament ex: radius and ulna bones held together by interosseous ligament 3)Gomphosis: Immobile tooth joint |
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What are the two types of cartilage joints?
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1)Synchondrosis: Hyaline cartilage with little or no movement ex: Epiphyseal plate
2)Symphis: Fibrocartilage for strength ex: Symphis pubis and intervertebral discs |
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Are synovial joints enclosed by a joint capsule?
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Yes
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Describe the capsule
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-Outside fibrous capsule: blood vessels/ nerves
-Inner synovial membrane: secretes synovial fluid |
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What is a Bursa?
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-An extension of the joint cavity as a sac, which contains synovial fluid
-Provide a cushion for structures that would otherwise rub together |
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What is a meniscus?
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-Fibrocartilage which helps hold 2 articulating ends together
-Necessary for joints like the knee |
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What are collateral ligaments?
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-Found inside and outside of the knee, there to help with strength and stability of the knee
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What are condyle and epicondyles?
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-Condyle: round protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone
-Epicondyle: Protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone |