Biology 2120 Quiz 1: Cell Biology 2

Front 1

A:

Back 1

Glycocalyx

Front 2

B:

Back 2

Polar region of phospholipid

Front 3

C:

Back 3

Nonpolar region of phospholipid.

Front 4

D:

Back 4

Integral protein.

Front 5

E:

Back 5

Peripheral protein.

Front 6

Forms part of the protein synthesis
site in the cytoplasm.

Back 6

Ribosomal RNA

Front 7

Act as "interpreter" molecules that
recognize specific amino acids and
nucleotide base sequences.

Back 7

Transfer RNA

Front 8

Provides the energy needed for
synthesis reactions.

Back 8

ATP

Front 9

Found in the cytoplasm, this structure
specifies the exact sequence of amino
acids of the protein to be made.

Back 9

Messenger RNA

Front 10

May be attached to the ER or scattered
in the cytoplasm.

Back 10

Ribosomal RNA

Front 11

Chromosomal centromeres split and
chromosomes migrate to opposite
ends of the cell.

Back 11

Anaphase

Front 12

Nuclear membrane and nucleolus
disintegrate.

Back 12

Late prophase

Front 13

Chromosomes align on the spindle
equator.

Back 13

Metaphase

Front 14

Centrioles move to opposite ends of
the cell.

Back 14

Early prophase

Front 15

Plays a role in the synthesis of
steroid-based hormones and proteins.

Back 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Front 16

The actual site of protein synthesis.

Back 16

Ribosomes

Front 17

Hollow cytoskeletal elements that act
as organizers for the cytoskeleton.

Back 17

Microtubules

Front 18

Dense spherical bodies in the nucleus
that are the synthesis site for
ribosomal RNA.

Back 18

Nucleoli

Front 19

Houses DNA and RNA.

Back 19

Nucleus

Front 20

Each daughter cell resulting from mitotic cell division has exactly as many chromosomes as the parent cell.

Back 20

True

Front 21

The spindle is formed by the migration of the chromatin.

Back 21

False

Front 22

Final preparation for cell division is made during the cell life cycle subphase called G2.

Back 22

TRUE

Front 23

Chromatin consists of DNA and RNA.

Back 23

FALSE

Front 24

In osmosis, movement of water occurs toward the solution with the lower solute concentration.

Back 24

FALSE

Front 25

The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and phosphate molecules.

Back 25

FALSE

Front 26

The orderly sequence of the phases of mitosis is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Back 26

TRUE

Front 27

Diffusion is always from areas of greater to areas of lesser concentration.

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

Facilitated diffusion always requires a carrier protein.

Back 28

TRUE

Front 29

DNA transcription is another word for DNA replication.

Back 29

FALSE

Front 30

Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material.

Back 30

TRUE

Front 31

The cell (plasma) membrane normally contains substantial amounts of cholesterol.

Back 31

TRUE

Front 32

Most organelles are bounded by a membrane that is quite different in structure from the lipid bilayer of the
plasma membrane.

Back 32

FALSE

Front 33

Only one cell type in the human body has a flagellum.

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

Microtubules are hollow tubes made of subunits of the protein tubulin.

Back 34

TRUE

Front 35

The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the "factory" site for protein formation is the:

Back 35

tRNA.

Front 36

A red blood cell placed in pure water would:

Back 36

swell and burst.

Front 37

The plasma membrane (cell membrane) is:

Back 37

the phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell.

Front 38

Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells?

Back 38

microvilli

Front 39

Cell junctions that promote the coordinated activity of cells by physically binding them together into a cell
community include all of the following except:

Back 39

peroxisomes

Front 40

If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what
could happen?

Back 40

The cells will lose water and shrink.

Front 41

Which of the following is not a subcellular structure?

Back 41

intercellular material

Front 42

Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describes
what happens?

Back 42

A lysosome combines with the vacuole and digests the enclosed solid material.

Front 43

Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA?

Back 43

Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis.

Front 44

Which of the following would not be a constituent of a plasma membrane?

Back 44

messenger RNA

Front 45

Mitosis is:

Back 45

nucleus replication.

Front 46

Cholesterol is used in the cell membrane to:

Back 46

help make the membrane more fluid.

Front 47

If the nucleotide or base sequence of the DNA strand used as a template for messenger RNA synthesis is
ACGTT, then the sequence of bases in the corresponding mRNA would be:

Back 47

UGCAA.

Front 48

Passive membrane transport processes include:

Back 48

movement of a substance down its concentration gradient.

Front 49

Mitochondria:

Back 49

contain some of the code necessary for their own duplication.

Front 50

Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus functionally act in sequence to synthesize and
modify proteins for secretory use (export) only, never for use by the cell. This statement is:

Back 50

false; integral cell membrane proteins are also synthesized this way.

Front 51

DNA replication:

Back 51

takes place during interphase of the cell cycle.

Front 52

Which statement is the most correct regarding transcription/translation?

Back 52

The nucleotide sequence in a tRNA anticodon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it except
that uracil is substituted for thymine

Front 53

Which of the following is a concept of the cell theory?

Back 53

A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.

Front 54

The main component of the cytosol is:

Back 54

water.

Front 55

Lysosomes:

Back 55

contain acid hydrolases that are potentially dangerous to the cell.

Front 56

A gene can best be defined as:

Back 56

a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain.

Front 57

Crenation is an example of:

Back 57

blood cells in a hypertonic solution.

Front 58

If a tRNA had an AGC anticodon, it could attach to a(n) ________ mRNA codon.

Back 58

UCG

Front 59

The RNA that has an anticodon and attaches to a specific amino acid is ________ RNA.

Back 59

transfer

Front 60

________ is the division of the cytoplasm.

Back 60

Cytokinesis

Front 61

The metabolic or growth phase of a cell life cycle is called ________.

Back 61

interphase

Front 62

In order for the DNA molecule to get "short and fat" to become a chromosome, it must first wrap around small
molecules called ________.

Back 62

histones

Front 63

________ are hollow tubes made of spherical protein subunits called tubulins.

Back 63

Microtubules

Front 64

Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the ________.

Back 64

mitochondria

Front 65

The process of discharging particles from inside a cell to the outside is called ________.

Back 65

exocytosis

Front 66

A red blood cell would swell if its surrounding solution were ________.

Back 66

hypotonic

Front 67

Explain the term genetic code. What does it code for? What are the letters of the code?

Back 67

The genetic code is the information encoded in the nucleotide base sequence of DNA. A sequence of three bases, called
a triplet, specifies amino acid in a protein. The letters of the code are the four nucleotide bases of DNA designated as
A, T, C, and G.

Front 68

Briefly name the subphases of interphase and tell what they do.
6

Back 68

G1 - growth phase. The cell is metabolically active and the centriole begins to divide at the end of this phase.
S - DNA replicates itself. New histones are made and assembled into chromatin.
G2 - Enzymes and proteins are synthesized and centriole replication is completed. This is the final phase of
interphase.