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12 Cards in this Set
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- Back
Hepatophyta
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-liverworts; has rhizoids; occur as either thallose (fleshy lobed leaves) or leafy (three rows of flat, thing leaves attached to a stem); have an oily or shiny surface to reduce evaporation; ancestors of all plants.
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Bryophyta
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-mosses (small plants with leafy stems); has leaves that are one cell thick; rhizoids; grow in dense carpets of hundreds of plants; ex: peat mods; absorbs large amounts of water; used as a biofuel.
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Anthocerophyta
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-smallest division of non-vascular plants; also called hornworts; sporophyte resembles a horn of an animal; has a single large chloroplast in each cell like algae.
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Cycadophyta
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-tropical species; male and female plants. Male cones produce pollen. Female cones produce seeds.
-have motile sperm; not closely related to palm trees which are anthophytes; short, palmlike trees with scaly trunks. |
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Ginkgophyta
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-separate male and female parts.
Male cones produce pollen in strobilus like cones. Females produce the seeds with an apricot colored coat. -often planted in urban areas because they can tolerate smog and pollution; only one living species; considered sacred in China and Japan. |
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Gnetophyta
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-found in deserts or mountains of Asia, Africa, and the Americas; contain only three genera which are all different in structure and adaptations.
-climbing vines |
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Coniferophyta
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-trees and shrubs with needle or scale like leaves; male and female. Male cones produce pollen. Female cones are larger and produce seeds.
-evergreens; never loses all of its leaves at once; has a heavy coating of cutin; are able to grow where nutrients are scarce; shape of leaf reduces water loss. -modified epidermis -semicircular or round leaf shape Resin ducts - resin is secreted that protects the tree from insects Recessed stomata - helps retain water in the leaf tissue A few are deciduous. -lose all their leaves at the same time. Plants are dormant through this time. Ex: bald cypress and larches |
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Anthophyta
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-produce flowers and form seeds in fruit.
A fruit may contain one or more seeds. Some seeds must travel through the digestive tract before they can sprout. Some seeds are dispersed by wind or water. Classes: 1. Monocotyledon - have one seed leaf -monocots- 2. Dicotyledon - have two seed leaves -dicots- The majority of flowering plants are dicots. |
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Lycophyta
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-club mosses;
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Psilophyta
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-whisk ferns; do not have roots or leaves
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Pterophyta
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-ferns;
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Sphenophyta
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-horsetails; vascular; jointed, ribbed and hollow stems
"scouring rush" - because its filled with silica and early settles used it to scour their cooking utensils |