Biology 181 Quiz Number 3 & 4

Front 1

Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Back 1

It uses stored ATP and then forms a net increase in ATP.

Front 2

A given organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. We can therefore conclude which of the
following?

Back 2

Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes.

Front 3

Which of the events listed below occur in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Back 3

light is absorbed and funneled to reaction-center chlorophyll a.

Front 4

Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in
animal cells?

Back 4

gap junctions

Front 5

Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in
plants

Back 5

a cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage
furrow is initiated at that stage.

Front 6

As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin
cycle in 1 hour. You find 30,000 molecules of ATP consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of
NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from?

Back 6

cyclic electron flow

Front 7

In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?

Back 7

autotrophs

Front 8

Which of the following statements describes NAD+?

Back 8

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during both glycolysis and the citric acid
cycle.

Front 9

The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox or oxidationreduction
reaction

Back 9

loses electrons and loses energy.

Front 10

Starting with one molecule of glucose, the "net" products of glycolysis are

Back 10

2 NADH, 2 H+, 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 H2O.

Front 11

In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?

Back 11

harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center
chlorophyll

Front 12

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Back 12

stroma of the chloroplast

Front 13

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a by-product of which of the following?

Back 13

splitting the water molecules

Front 14

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

Back 14

Each cell has 8 homologous pairs.

Front 15

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of the ATP formed
during glycolysis?

Back 15

100%

Front 16

Which term describes centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells?

Back 16

prophase

Front 17

Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar
stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the cells of the
celery stalks are

Back 17

hypetonic to fresh water (solution) but hypotonic to the salt solution.

Front 18

Where does glycolysis takes place?

Back 18

cytosol

Front 19

A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an
average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. Those cells would have __________ picograms at
the end of the S phase and __________ picograms at the end of G2.

Back 19

16; 16

Front 20

Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose
molecule?

Back 20

glycolysis

Front 21

Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring unless which of the following occurs?

Back 21

Mutation

Front 22

Chromosomes first become visible during which phase of mitosis?

Back 22

prophase

Front 23

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell
when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

Back 23

The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same
amount of DNA.

Front 24

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative
phosphorylation is

Back 24

oxygen.

Front 25

When a molecule of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom (not a
hydrogen ion) the molecule becomes

Back 25

reduced.

Front 26

CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this
because they

Back 26

fix CO2 into organic acids during the night.

Front 27

What is the term for metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex
molecules?

Back 27

catabolic pathways

Front 28

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O),
later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain
the 18-O label. That one is

Back 28

glycolysis

Front 29

Imagine looking through a microscope at a squashed onion root tip. The chromosomes of many of
the cells are plainly visible. In some cells, replicated chromosomes are aligned along the center
(equator) of the cell. These particular cells are in which stage of mitosis?

Back 29

metaphase

Front 30

An animal cell lacking oligosaccharides on the external surface of its plasma membrane would
likely be impaired in which function?

Back 30

cell-cell recognition

Front 31

Most CO2 from catabolism is released during

Back 31

the citric acid cycle.

Front 32

Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most
rapidly?

Back 32

CO2

Front 33

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the
Calvin cycle?

Back 33

ATP and NADPH

Front 34

When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following
changes occurs?

Back 34

The pH of the matrix increases.