Practice Quiz For Week 7

Front 1

Proteobacteria

Back 1

Gram Negative

Large and diverse

Thought to be ancestral to mitochondria

Example: Rhizobium, Nithlosomonas, E. coli

Front 2

Thermophiles

Back 2

Gram Negative

Heat Loving

Many are Chemolithoautotrophs

Basal Clade

Front 3

Spirochetes

Back 3

Gram Negative

Spirochete shape

Free living or parasitic

Examples: Treponema (Syphilis), Borelia (Lyme Disease)

Front 4

Cyanobacteria

Back 4

Blue Green Bacteria

Photoautotrophic

Some form 'Heterocysts' which function in nitrogen fixation

Unicellular, Filaments, Sheet like colonies, globular colonies

Examples: Nostoc

Front 5

Gram-Positive Bacteria

Back 5

Thick Peptidoglycan

Large/Diverse group

Examples: Bacillus (anthrax), Clostridium (Botulism), Staphylococcus

Front 6

Briefly explain the origin of mitochondria and plastids through serial endosymbiosis. What evidence supports this hypothesis?

Back 6

Ancestral eukaryotic cells (which already had an internal system of membranes) engulfed aerobic bacteria which then became mitochondria within the eukaryotic cell. Chloroplasts also originated this way with eukaryotic cells engulfing photosynthetic bacteria. Evidence: The fact that mitochondria have their own DNA, RNA, and Ribosomes

Front 7

Which group of bacteria is considered to be ancestral to eukaryotic mitochondria?

Back 7

Proteobacteria

Front 8

Which group of bacteria is considered to be ancestral to eukaryotic plastids?

Back 8

Cyanobacteria

Front 9

Briefly explain how secondary endosymbiosis differs from primary endosymbiosis:

Back 9

Primary Endosymbiosis: When a eukaryote engulfs another living prokaryote

Secondary Endosymbiosis: When a eukaryote cell engulfs another eukaryote cell that has undergone primary endosymbiosis

Front 10

Which type of life cycle includes both an adult haploid stage and an adult diploid stage (i.e. an alternation of generations)?

Back 10

Sproric Cycle

Front 11

In the life cycle described in the previous question, the adult haploid generation is called the:

and the adult diploid generation is called the:

Back 11

Gametophyte

Sporophyte

Front 12

In which type of life cycle is the only diploid stage the zygote?

Back 12

Zygotic Cycle

Front 13

In which type of life cycle is the only haploid stage the gamete?

Back 13

Gametic Cycle

Front 14

Our text recognizes 6 major clades (supergroups) of eukaryotes. Which of these includes the plant kingdom?

Back 14

Archaeplastida

Front 15

Which of these includes the Fungi?

Back 15

Opisthokonta

Front 16

Which of these includes the Animalia?

Back 16

Opisthokonta

Front 17

This is a diverse group whose common ancestor underwent a secondary endosymbiotic event with a red alga. This group includes the stramenopiles and the alveolates.

Back 17

Chromalveolata

Front 18

This group includes unicellular protistans that form filose (thread-like) pseudopodia.

Back 18

Rhizaria

Front 19

Members of this supergroup are unicellular and amoeboid (or have a unicellular amoeboid stage in their life cycles). Pseudopodia are lobose.

Back 19

Amoebozoa

Front 20

This eukaryotic supergroup includes organisms whose motile stages (usually) possess a single posterior flagellum. Members of this supergroup are currently classified in three different kingdoms.

Back 20

Opisthokonta

Front 21

This supergroup includes photosynthetic eukaryotes whose plastids are surrounded by two membranes (i.e. they are the product of primary endosymbiosis). Members of this group are currently classified in two different kingdoms.

Back 21

Archaeplastida

Front 22

Members of this supergroup are unicellular and possess apical flagella. Many are characterized by a deep feeding groove.

Back 22

Excavata