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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity
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transfer of genetic info from parent to offspring
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hybrid mating
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mating between two different varieties of the same species
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true-breeding
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referring to plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate
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hybrid
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offspring that results from the mating of individuals from 2 different species or 2 true-breeding varieties of the same species
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P generation
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the parent individuals where offspring are derived in studies of inheritance
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F1 generation
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the first filial or hybrid offspring in a series of genetic crosses
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F2 generation
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offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation
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gene
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a unit of hereditary info
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locus
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the place on the chromosome where a given gene is found
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allele
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one form of a gene. different alleles are found at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
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homozygous
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having 2 identical alleles at a locus
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heterozygous
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having two different alleles at a locus
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dominant allele
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an allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote
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recessive allele
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an allele whose phenotypic effect is not observed in a heterozygote
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Punnett Square
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diagram used in the study of inheritance to show the predicted results of random fertilization in genetic crosses
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gametes
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a haploid reproductive cell (egg or sperm). unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote
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genotype
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the genetic makeup or set of alleles of an organism
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law of independent assortment
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mendel's 2nd law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates, or assorts, independently of each other pair during gamete formation
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law of segregation
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mendel's 1st law, stating that the 2 alleles in a pair segregate into different gametes during gamete formation
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pleiotrophy
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the ability of a single gene to have multiple effects
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sickle cell anemia
(example of Pleiotropy) |
sudden pain throughout body
hand-food syndrome:pain, swelling, fever splenic crsis stroke eye problems gall stones |
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anemia
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shortness of breath
dizziness headache pale skin chest pain coldness in hands and feet |
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epistasis
(ex:albinism) |
type of gene interaction where 1 gene alters the phenotypic effects of another gene that is independently inherited
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asexual reproduction
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generation of offspringfrom a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
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sexual reproduction
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A type of reproduction where 2 parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the parents.
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meiosis
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special form of cell division that produces haploid cells (gametes)
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Zygote
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The diploid product of the
union of haploid gametes during fertilization; a fertilized egg |
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haploid
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a cell containing only one set of chromosomes
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