Biology 1.2 The Heart And Health

Front 1

right side of heart receive blood from where and pumps it to where?

Back 1

from body to the lungs

Hint 1

右边心脏接收哪里来的血？送去哪里？

Front 2

then left side of the heart receive and pump blood from and to?

Back 2

from lungs to the body

Hint 2

左边心脏接收哪里来的血？送去哪里？

Front 3

cardiac muscle

Back 3

the muscle which makes up the heart

Hint 3

心肌

Front 4

blood from inferior vena cava and superior vena cava were sent to?

Back 4

right atrium 右心房

Hint 4

下腔静脉血和上腔静脉血被送到？

Front 5

right atrium

Back 5

the small upper chamber of the heart on the right that fills with deoxygenated blood from the body

Hint 5

右心房

Front 6

tricuspid valve

Back 6

valve found between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart. one of the atrioventricular valves.

Hint 6

三尖瓣

Front 7

how's the BP in right atrium and how it relates to its structure?

Back 7

BP is low there and so it has thin muscular walls

Hint 7

右心房的血压如何？与其构造的关系？

Front 8

atrioventricular valve includes?

Back 8

bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve

Hint 8

房室瓣

Front 9

tendinous cords/valve tendons/heartstrings

Back 9

tendons which prevent the atrioventricular valves turning inside out

Hint 9

腱线

Front 10

whats the function of tendinous cords?

Back 10

it makes sure the valves are not turned inside out by the great pressure exerted when the ventricles contract

Hint 10

腱线的作用？

Front 11

right ventricle

Back 11

the larger lower chamber of the heart on the right that pumps deoxygenated blood out of the heart into the pulmonary artery to be carried to the lungs

Hint 11

右心室

Front 12

pulmonary artery

Back 12

artery carrying deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs

Hint 12

肺动脉

Front 13

pulmonary veins

Back 13

vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart

Hint 13

肺静脉

Front 14

BP in pulmonary veins and why?

Back 14

BP is low because it passed through the extensive capillaries of the lungs

Hint 14

肺静脉的血压？原因？

Front 15

left atrium

Back 15

the small upper chamber of the heart on the left that filled with oxygenated blood from the lungs

Hint 15

左心房

Front 16

left ventricle

Back 16

the larger lower chamber of the heart on the left that pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart into the aorta to travel around the body

Hint 16

左心室

Front 17

bicuspid valve

Back 17

valve found between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. one of the atrioventricular valves

Hint 17

二尖瓣

Front 18

aorta

Back 18

main artery leaving the left side of the heart carrying oxygenated blood to the body

Hint 18

主动脉

Front 19

BP in the left side of the heart? and how this relate to the structure of it? why?

Back 19

BP is high, so the muscular wall of the left side of the heart is much thicker than the right side. because the left side has to produce sufficient force to move the blood under pressure to all the extremities of the body and overcome the elastic recoil of the arteriies.

Hint 19

左边心脏的血压？构造？原因？

Front 20

heartbeat

Back 20

the sound made by blood hitting the heart valves as it flows through the heart

Hint 20

心跳

Front 21

systole

Back 21

the contraction of the heart

Hint 21

心脏收缩

Front 22

atrial systole

Back 22

the contraction of the atria forcing blood into the ventricles

Hint 22

心房收缩

Front 23

ventricular systole

Back 23

the contraction of the ventricles of the heart forcing blood out of the heart to the lungs and around the body

Hint 23

心室收缩

Front 24

diastole

Back 24

when the heart relaxes and fills with blood

Hint 24

心脏舒张

Front 25

cardiac cycle

Back 25

the time taken for a single heart beat as the heart goes through diastole and systole

Hint 25

心脏周期

Front 26

the status of the valves during diastole and systole?

Back 26

during diastole, the semilunar valves closed and atrioventricular valves open. during systole, the semilunar valves open and atrioventricular valves closed

Hint 26

心脏舒张和收缩时的阀门状态？

Front 27

the status of the heart during diastole and systole?

Back 27

diastole:the heart is relaxed and fills with blood, systole: the heart contracts and forces blood out to the lungs and around the body

Hint 27

心脏舒张和收缩时的心脏状态？

Front 28

electrocardiogram/ECG

Back 28

a recording of the electrical activity of the heart, often used to help diagnose heart problems

Hint 28

心电图

Front 29

intrinsic rhythmicity

Back 29

the basic rhythm of the heart beat which is present in the individual cells

Hint 29

内在节律

Front 30

cardiovascular center

Back 30

center in the brain which responds to the carbon dioxide levels in the blood and controls the heart rate

Hint 30

心血管中心

Front 31

peripheral resistance

Back 31

the friction between the blood and the vessel walls. it slows down the flow of the blood.

Hint 31

外周阻力

Front 32

constrict

Back 32

get narrower

Hint 32

动脉收缩

Front 33

dilate

Back 33

get wider

Hint 33

动脉舒张

Front 34

one way the body controls local BP

Back 34

constricting and dialating the arteries

Hint 34

身体控制局部血压的方法

Front 35

sphygmomanometer

Back 35

equipment used for measuring blood pressure

Hint 35

血压计

Front 36

mercury

Back 36

chemical used in sphygmomanometer

Hint 36

汞

Front 37

systolic blood pressure

Back 37

the BP reading when the heart is contracting strongly

Hint 37

收缩血压

Front 38

diastolic blood pressure

Back 38

the BP reading when the heart is relaxed

Hint 38

舒张血压

Front 39

hypertension/number?

Back 39

high BP/ over 140/90

Hint 39

高血压

Front 40

hypotension

Back 40

low BP/ lower 90/60

Hint 40

低血压

Front 41

cause of hypotension?

Back 41

weakened heart

Hint 41

低血压原因？

Front 42

cause of hypertension?

Back 42

damaged blood vessels that are narrowing or becoming less elastic

Hint 42

高血压原因？

Front 43

strokes

Back 43

an interruption in the function of the brain usually caused by either a blood clot forming in a blood vessel supplying the brain or bleeding from a blood vessel supplying the brain

Hint 43

中风

Front 44

cardiovascular diseases(CVD)

Back 44

diseases of the heart and blood vessels, particularly heart attacks and strokes

Hint 44

心血管疾病

Front 45

atherosclerosis

Back 45

hardening of the arteries - he build-up of hardened fatty deposits on the arterial lining

Hint 45

动脉粥样硬化

Front 46

plaques

Back 46

a fatty deposit hardened by calcium salts and fibrous tissue which may form on the lining of an artery

Hint 46

斑块

Front 47

coronary arteries

Back 47

arteries of the heart

Hint 47

冠状动脉

Front 48

carotid arteries

Back 48

arteries of the neck

Hint 48

颈动脉

Front 49

endothelium

Back 49

layer of epithelial cells which lines the chamber of the heart, the blood vessels, and the lymph vessels.

Hint 49

内皮衬里

Front 50

inflammatory response

Back 50

the response of the body to damaged tissue which involves swelling and increased blood flow bringing white blood cells to the area

Hint 50

炎症反应

Front 51

atheroma

Back 51

fatty deposit initially laid down on damaged arterial lining

Hint 51

粥

Front 52

aneurysm

Back 52

a bulge in the wall of an artery as a result of pressure of blood building up behind a narrowed area. this leaves the wall weakened and vulnerable to splitting open

Hint 52

动脉瘤

Front 53

angina

Back 53

chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart isn't getting enough oxygen because of reduced blood flow to the cardiac muscle. usually the result of atheroscierosis and is a symptom of coronary heart disease.

Hint 53

心绞痛

Front 54

myocardial infarction

Back 54

heart attack

Hint 54

心肌梗塞

Front 55

anaerobic respiration

Back 55

the release of energy from glucose without the use of oxygen

Hint 55

无氧呼吸

Front 56

thrombosis

Back 56

clot that forms in a blood vessel

Hint 56

血栓

Front 57

the size and severity of the heart attack is closely related to?

Back 57

the position of the blockage in the coronary artery

Hint 57

心脏病的严重程度和什么相关？

Front 58

what to do if someone has a heart attack?

Back 58

two full strength aspirin tablets to help stop the blood clotting or call the ambulance

Hint 58

心脏病怎么办？