Biology 112

Front 1

Ecology

Back 1

Ecology is the concept of how living things relate, connect, and sustain in their environment.

Front 2

What are the five levels Ecology

Back 2

The first level and base is “descriptive ecology.” Descriptive ecology is the connection between living things and the habitats in which they exist in. The second level is “comparative ecology.” Comparative ecology is observing and analyzing the common concepts of the earth but also comparing the unlike ideas between nature and the earth. “Casual ecology” is the third level of the pyramid; it is the understanding of why something happens because of another thing, it is result. The fourth level is “experimental ecology,” that consists of the several experiments scientist use to create possible solutions to draw conclusions about the earth. The fifth and final level is the “theoretical ecology.” The theoretical ecology is where individuals study the environment to gives details and ideas about how the earth functions.

Front 3

Biotic Factors

Back 3

All the living organisms in the environment and their effects, both direct and indirect on other living things.

Front 4

Ecosystem

Back 4

The community and the nonliving environment interact to form an ecological system

Front 5

Abiotic Factors

Back 5

Means without life and affects ecological interactions

Front 6

Autotrophs

Back 6

The lowest level of producers

Front 7

Herbivores

Back 7

only plants (phototrophs) and are first level consumers

Front 8

Carnivores

Back 8

eat other animals

Front 9

Predators

Back 9

attack and kill their prey and are second level or higher consumers

Front 10

Scavengers

Back 10

eat dead animals they find

Front 11

Omnivores

Back 11

: eat both plants and animals

Front 12

Decomposers

Back 12

down the remains of dead plants and animals

Front 13

Estuary

Back 13

is a semi-closed body of water found along a coast that is open to the sea and receives a flow of fresh water from the surrounding watershed.

Front 14

Watershed

Back 14

is the land area that drains into a particular body of water

Front 15

Niche

Back 15

the role of a species in an ecosystem

Front 16

Habitat

Back 16

the area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs

Front 17

Symbiotic Relationships

Back 17

relationships in which two different organisms live in close association to the benefit of one or both (There are three types)

Front 18

Three types of Symbiotic Relationships

Back 18

Mutualism: both organisms benefit
Commensalism: one benefits and the other is not affected
Eating and apple off a tree
Parasitism: one benefits and the other is harmed
Tapeworm

Front 19

Food web

Back 19

Interconnected food chain

Front 20

Producers

Back 20

organism that create their own food molecules through the process of photosynthesis

Front 21

Consumers

Back 21

organisms that eat other organisms to obtain energy-rich molecules that they break down chemically to obtain the energy required to build tissue and maintain life.

Front 22

Four levels of consumers

Back 22

Primary Consumers-Herbivores animals that eat produces
Secondary Consumer-Herbivore-eating Carnivores
Tertiary Consumers- Carnivore-eating carnivores
Quaternary Consumers-higher level carnivore eating carnivores

Front 23

Biomagnifications

Back 23

The process by which such successively higher concentrations of the substances accumulate in living tissues

Front 24

Limiting factors

Back 24

Environmental factors that affect the growth, abundance, and distribution of a population or organism

Front 25

Deadwood

Back 25

If we want ecosystems around us, then we need to keep dead trees, because they are important to different organisms.

Front 26

Warming World

Back 26

The more global warming we have, the more likely do organisms and phonological changes alter. Ecosystems rely on each other; without one playing its part, the other cannot either.

Front 27

Leave No Child Inside

Back 27

The more that children are active and outside, the more they learn and are able to remember things and be impacted.

Front 28

Meat Guzzler

Back 28

How much meat Americans consuming is being taken for granted.

Front 29

Ch. 11

Back 29

Relationship between organisms and their environment
Biosphere-life on earth
Ecosystem- all organisms in the river
Community-striped salmon in the river
Population-all striped salmon
Organism-salmon
Organ System-circulatory system
Organ-liver
Tissue-muscle
Cell-blood cells

Front 30

Abiotic Component on Calvin’s campus is--- that affects the biotic component that is ---

Back 30

Abiotic Component on Calvin’s campus is light that affects the biotic component that is plants. The amount of sunlight in MI will help the plants die or grow on campus

Front 31

Ch. 11

Back 31

Relationship between organisms and their environment
Biosphere-life on earth
Ecosystem- all organisms in the river
Community-striped salmon in the river
Population-all striped salmon
Organism-salmon
Organ System-circulatory system
Organ-liver
Tissue-muscle
Cell-blood cells

Front 32

Abiotic Component on Calvin’s campus is --- that affects the biotic component that is ----

Back 32

Abiotic Component on Calvin’s campus is light that affects the biotic component that is plants. The amount of sunlight in MI will help the plants die or grow on campus

Front 33

The greater the niche overlap between two species the more intense the competition can be for limited resources-explain

Back 33

If two species are living in same environment with the same characteristics, then they will compete and both struggle each day to survive. (Survival of the fittest)

Front 34

Ch. 10

Back 34

Given a scenario be able to decide which management strategy is the best to use:
Community
Government
Private Ownership
Know the type of Management took place in the book of Acts
Community

Front 35

Water Treatment Plant

Back 35

Scrapers (organic or non)
1.Sand Settles
2.Fats float on top scum off top and sludge off bottom
3.Micro-organisms added
4.Air Bubbles Oxygen makes bugs hungry
5.Centrifuge  Bugs go to center, clean water goes to outside
6.UV light sterilizes viruses
7.Pumps water to the river

Front 36

Can this process be found in nature

Back 36

1.Branches that fall in river
2.Lakes, curves on river, deep areas
3.Not found in nature
4.In water
5.Not found in nature Bugs don’t get to eat phosphate
6.Occurs in nature, left on its own, we just speed it up in plant
7.Not found in nature

Front 37

Symbiotic Relationship and
Organic Materials of the water treatment plant

Back 37

Mutualism between bugs and water
are Biotic

Front 38

Ratio between trophic levels

Back 38

100:10:1
Trophic Levels barely get to 5 levels because there are not enough producers