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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are three cell theroies?
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1) All living things are comosed of cells
2) Cell is the smallest unit of life 3) Cells come from cells |
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Prokaryotes
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single celled microorganism that lacks a nuclues.
Ex: Bacteria |
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Eukaryotes
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Organism whose cell contains a nucleus
Example: Animal, Plant |
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Nuclear Envelope
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Double layer membrane surrounding nuclues.
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Autotrophs
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Organism that can use energy sunlight (or chemicals) to make its own food
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Heterotrophs
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Organism that obtains energy from food it consumes
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ATP
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short term energy storage, chemical compound of living things
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Glucose
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Long term energy storage 90 times more energy that ATP.
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Longest energy storage
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fats and ail
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other energy storage
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Nadp+2e+H- NADPH
NAD+e+H-NADH |
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Photosynthesis
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6Co2+6H2O-C6H12O6+6O2
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Cellular Respiration
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Process that realeses energy by breaking down food mellecules in presence of oxygen
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Glycolysis
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Glucose is broken down in half, producing two molecules of pyruvice acid.
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Cell Growth and division
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cannot become too large- too much info
Material excharnge(food, o2, H20) |
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Interphase
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in between devision, period of growth
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Prophase
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worms
1.Cromitin condenses into chromosomes 2. centrios seperate, spindles begin to form 3. nuclear envelope breaks down |
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Metaphse
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1. chromantin condences into chromosomes
2.Spindle fibers connected to centromes 3. no nuclear membrane |
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Anaphase
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sister chromatids seperate and move apart
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Telephase
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1. Chromosomes gather at oppisite ends
2.Chromosomes lose distinct shape 3. Nuclear envelope reforms |
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Cytokinesis
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"division of cytoplasm into new daughter cells"
A.)cytoplasm pinches in half B. Each new cell has identicle set of duplicate chromosomes. |
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Order of process
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interphase, prophase,maetaphase,anaphase telephase,cytokinesis
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Meiosis
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process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half trough the seperation of homoglous chromosomes in a diploid cell
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Meiosis two
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process by which gametes are formed
one cell becomes four gametes |
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Homologous
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the matchin chromosomes from each parent (1 male-1 female)
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Diploid
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cell that contains both sets of chromosomes- 2N
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Gamete
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Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction- sperm/eggs
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Haploid
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cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes 1N
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Tetrad
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structure contaning 4 chromatids
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Phases of Meiosis
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tow phases
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Prophase 1
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each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form a tetrad
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Anaphase 1
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homoglons chromosomes pulled apart
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Meiosis 2
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results in 4 haploid daughter cells
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