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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amino Acid
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compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.
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Carbohydrate
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compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body.
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Enzyme
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protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions.
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Glucose
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A simple monosaccharide sugar that serves as the main source of energy and for most living things; its chemical formula is: C6H12O6.
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Lipid
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Macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
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Monosaccharide
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Simple sugar molecule
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Nucleic acid
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Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
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Nucleotide
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Subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
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Peptide bond
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covalent bonds that link amino acids together to form a polypeptide.
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Polymer
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Molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules.
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Protein
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Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair.
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Protein synthesis
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assembling of amino acids into proteins by RNA
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Saturated fatty acid
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fatty acids that contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms.
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Substrate
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Reactant of enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
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Unsaturated fatty acid
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fatty acids that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
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