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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are some differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? |
Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and Our eukaryotic cells are bigger in size, with much more DNA. More DNA means more transcription, and more transcription means more translation, and more translation means more proteins. Bigger cells create the need for organelles. |
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Descent with modification |
Contemporary species arose from succession of ancestors that differed from them |
Different ancestors |
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Unity in kinship among species that descended from common ancestors and diversity in modifications |
Decent with modification |
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what made species evolve with different modifications based on climate and environment? |
Natural Selection |
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Which was NOT an observation that Darwin made about natural selection ? A. Individuals in a pop. Vary in their traits B. Individuals in a pop. Adapt rapidly with varying traits C. A pop. Can produce far more offspring than can survive to produce offspring of their own.D. Species usually suit their environments through inherited traits. |
B |
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What did Darwin say that natural selection over a long period would cause? |
It would cause an ancestral species to give rise to two or more descendant species. |
Descent |
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What does the Tree of Life or Family Tree depict? |
Adaptive Radiation or a period of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptation allows them to fill different ecological roles in their communities. |
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Why is evolution such an important theme in biology? |
It addresses the concept of modified descendants of common ancestors. |
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A pregnant woman is experiencing labor pains with very close contractions. What type of regulation is this an example of? A. Positive Feedback B. Negative Feedback |
A. Positive feedback |
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When there is a decrease in blood glucose, the pancreas secretes glycogen, which reduces the blood glucose levels. What form of feedback regulation is this an example of? A. Positive Feedback B. Negative Feedback |
B |
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What direction does energy flow in an ecosystem? |
Through an ecosystem; usually entering as light and exiting as heat |
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What does fungi do? |
Absorb dissolved nutrients from their surroundings by ingesting organic matter |
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Evolution |
Process of change that has transformed life on earth. |
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what are some properties of life? |
Order, energy processing, evolutionary adaptation, growth and development, regulation, response to the environment, and reproduction |
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In ascending order, what are the levels of biological organization? |
Biosphere, ecosystem, communities,populations, organisms,organ and organ systems, tissue,cell,organelle, and molecule. |
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all the places that life exists on earth |
The biosphere |
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all the living things In a particular area, living and nonliving components of the environment with which life interacts, such as soil, water, atmospheric gases, and light |
Ecosystem |
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Where an array of organisms inhabit a particular ecosystem |
Biological community or (just ) communities |
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All the individuals of a species living in a bounded area. |
Populations |
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Individual living things |
Organisms |
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Responsible for carrying a particular function in the body |
Organs |
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A team of organs that cooperate in a larger function |
Organ systems |
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A group of cells working together to perform a specialized function |
Tissues |
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Smallest unit of organization that can perform activities required for life |
Cells |
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Exploration of a biological system by analyzing interaction |
Systems biology |
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What part of the cell regulates the passage of materials between the cell and its surroundings? |
Cell membrane |
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What makes a diploid? |
Two haploids |
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How many chromosomes do we have? |
46 (23 chromosomes from each parent? |
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What happens each time a cell divides? |
It inherits a complete set of chromosomes. |
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What is the structure of DNA? |
Made up of two long strands known in the 3-D form of a double helix. |
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What are the chemical building blocks that make of DNA called? |
Nucleotides |
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Of which does RNA not have? A. Adenine B. UracilC. GuanineD. Thymine |
D. Thymine |
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What nucleotide sequences occur in DNA? |
A-T and G-C |
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Am entire library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits is called its |
Genome |
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What process of gene expression does DNA go through with RNA? |
Transcription with mRNA--> translation Into a chain of amino acids-->protein folded into specific shape of protein to perform function |
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Study of proteins and their properties |
Proteomics |
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True or False. When an organism uses chemical energy to do work, some energy is lost to the surroundings as heat. |
True. |
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During the energy flow cycle, chemicals are recycled both inside and outside of the system. True or False. |
FALSE. Chemicals are recycled within the system. |
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Are photosynthetic organisms producers or consumers? |
Producers, because they absorb energy from the sun to make their own food. |
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CONSUMERS only feed on producers or photosynthetic organisms. T or F |
FALSE. They also eat other consumers. |
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What kind of energy do consumers get from producers? A. Potential Energy B. Chemical Energy C. kinetic energy D. NONE of the above |
B. |
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What happens biologically to your muscle cells as you exercise? |
They increase their consumption of sugar molecules to give you energy. |
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Which comes first? A. PHYLUM B. CLASS C. DOMAIN D. KINGDOM E. SPECIES |
C. |
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What makes up the three Domains of Life? |
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya |
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What kingdom do Prokaryotes belong to? A. animalia B. Plantae C. Protista D. fungi E. Monera |
E. |
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difference between inductive and deductive reasoning |
Inductive reasoning= specific analysis to general conclusion Deductive reasoning = general info to specific conclusion |
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A hypothesis involves which of these? A. Deductive reasoning B. Inductive reasoning |
B. |
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An if....then states involves___________ A. Deductive reasoning B. Inductive reasoning |
A. Deductive Reasoning |
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Why is it important to present scientific results to a peer group of scientists? |
Constructive criticism and feedback that can help devise new ideas and build better theories |
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Which factor is manipulated in an experiment? A. Control B. Controlled variables C. Independent variable D. Dependent variable |
C. |
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What applies scientific knowledge for a specific purpose? |
Technology |
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All the organisms on your campus make up A. An ecosystem B. A community C. A population D. A taxonomic domain |
B. |
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Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life's hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal? A. Organism, brain, organ system, nerve cell B. Organ system, nervous tissue, brain, nerve cell C. Organism, organ system,tissue,cell,organ D. Nervous system, brain, nervous tissue,nerve cell |
D |
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Which best demonstrates the unity among all organisms? A. Emergent properties B. Descent with modification C. The structure and function of DNA D. Natural selection |
C. |
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Difference between cilia and flagellum? |
Who you are short,thin, and numerous. Flagellum are long,thick, and few. |
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Facts about prokaryotic cells |
They cause disease. The recipe asexually. Such as mitosis. Start off with one cell then divided into two cells with the same genetic material. They have 3 layers for survival in extreme conditions (resistance,shape maintenance, nutrition value) |
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Where is DNA most stable? |
Alkaline conditions |
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What is RNA used to do? |
Transfer genetic code from nucleus to ribsome to make proteins. |
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What is a lysosome? |
Little organelle in the eukaryotic cell with enzymes responsible for catalyzing and breaking down a reaction. |
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Where is the energy storehouse in a cell? |
The mitochondria |
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What do membranes have that allows the transfer of things in and out of a cell? |
Pores |
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What is reductionism? |
Reduction of complex systems to simpler components |
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Where is DNA in a prokaryotic cell? |
Nucleoid region |
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What is another name for plasma membrane? |
Phospholipid bilayer |
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What is the capsule that surrounds prokaryotic cells made of? |
Sugars and nutrients |
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What are the 3 layers in order of appearance in a prokaryotic cell? |
Capsule ---->Cell Wall-----> cell membrane |
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What are the 3 layers in order of appearance in a prokaryotic cell? |
Capsule ---->Cell Wall-----> cell membrane |
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What is the purpose of ribsomes in bacteria or prokaryotic cells? |
To serve as the site of mRNA translation and protein synthesis |
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Where does transcription take place? |
The nucleus |
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How is DNA interpreted as rna? |
By splitting into one strand |
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