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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What is the monomer of a Nucleic Acid

Nucleotides

What does a Nucleotide consist of?

Phosphate, 5-Carbon sugar, Nitrogenous Base

Draw 1 Nucleotide

What does it mean by a nucleotide becomes Phosphorylated?

It contains more than 1 phosphate group

What does:


AMP


ADP


ATP


Stand for?

Adenosine Monophosphate


Adenosine Diphosphate


Adenosine Triphosphate

Nucleotides help regulate what?

Metabolic pathways

Draw an ATP Molecule

What are two main types of Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA

Define a MacroMolecule

A large organic molecule

Give an example of a macromolecule

DNA

What Is a polynucleotide strand

A large molecule containing many nucleotides

What does a DNA nucleotide consist of?

Phosphate group, 5-Carbon sugar (deoxyribose) , Nitrogenous Base (A,T,G,C)

By what reactions does the components of a nucleotide join by

Condesation reaction

Describe a purine

Contains 2 rings


Adenine and Guanine

Describe Pyrimidines

One ring


Thymine, cytosine and Uracil

How would you describe the two DNA strands

Antiparallel

What are the Base pairs

Adenine + Thymine


Cytosine + Guanine

How are the nitrogenous bases bonded

Hydrogen Bonds

How many hydrogen bonds are between Adenine + Thymine

2 Hydrogen Bonds

How many hydrogen bonds are between Guanine + Cytosine

3 Hydrogen bonds

?Why do Purines always pair with Pyrimidines?

So that there are equal sized "rungs" on the DNA ladder

What carbon on pentose sugar, is the nitrogenous Base bonded to

CARBON 1

What 2 carbons on a pentose sugar can the phosphate group be bonded to

CARBON 5 and CARBON 3

In eukaryotic cells, what protein Is DNA wound around into chromosomes?

Histone

Inside mitochondria and chloroplast how is DNA found

In a loop, without Histone proteins

In Prokaryotic cells, how is DNA found?

DNA is found in a loop (not wound around histone protiens, within the cytoplasm and not enclosed in nucleus

What does a nucleoside contain

Pentose sugar, Nitrogenous Base

What is AMP an example of?

A Nucleotide

What is ADP and ATP an example of?

A Phosphorylated Nucleotide