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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Alpha glucose |
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Hexose sugar |
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Beta glucose |
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Hexose sugar |
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Ribose |
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Pentose sugar |
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Saturated fatty acid |
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Amino acid- labelled |
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Nucleotide |
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Triglyceride |
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Phospholipid |
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Steroid |
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Dipeptide formation |
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DNA chain |
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General monosaccharide |
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Anabolism |
Build up polymers from monomers via condensation reaction. |
Anna the builder |
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Catabolism |
Break polymers into monomers via hydrolysis reaction |
Break-dancing cat |
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Lactose |
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Enzyme-substrate complex |
Substrate binds to enzyme's active site |
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Enzyme-product complex |
Enzyme catalyses conversion of substrate into product |
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Benefits of lactose-free milk |
- increases sweetness of milk - reduces crystallization of ice cream - cheese/yoghurt made faster - lactose intolerant people can still drink it |
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Alginate beads |
Inert substance used to make lactose free milk. Lactase bound to them. |
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Metabolic chain example |
Glycolysis- cell respiration Coagulation cascade- blood clotting |
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Metabolic cycle example |
Krebs cycle- cell respiration Calvin cycle- photosynthesis |
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Competitive inhibition |
A molecule similar to the substrate binds to the active site which prevents the substrate from binding. It's effect can be reduced by increasing the substrate concentration. |
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Non competitive inhibition |
A molecule binds to the allosteric site causing a structural change to enzyme's active site so the substrate is no longer complementary. |
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Competitive inhibitor example |
Relenza- drug to treat influenza. Enzyme neuramindase cleaves a docking protein to prevent virioles from being released. |
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Non competitive inhibitor example |
Cyanide- prevents ATP production via aerobic respiration. Binds to allosteric site of cytochrome oxidase so it can't pass electrons to oxygen. |
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End- product inhibition |
Negative feedback. Final product inhibits an enzyme from earlier in the reaction. Product binds to allosteric site to temporarily inactivate the enzyme so reaction sequence is halted. Ensures production is regulated. |
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End- product inhibition example |
Isoleucine- essential amino acids. Foods rich in it include cheese, fish and eggs. In plants and bacteria it may be synthesized from threonine deaminase and isoleucine binds to its allosteric site. |
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Effect of inhibitors |
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Malaria |
Parasitic protozoans of plasmodium- requires a human and mosquito host. Enzymes involved in parasites metabolism can be targeted as their proteom has been mapped. |
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