Biol199-8

Front 1

Synaptic Integration

Back 1

-process by which multiple synaptic potentials combine within one postsynaptic neuron

Front 2

Ion flow of Depolarization

Back 2

Na+ inflow

Front 3

Ion flow of Hyperpolarization

Back 3

K+ outflow or Cl- inflow

Front 4

How does an action potential trigger the release of neurotransmitters?

Back 4

1. Action potential arrives; triggers entry of Ca2+
2. In response to Ca2+, synaptic vesicles fuse with presynaptic membrane, then release neurotransmitter
3. Ion channels open when neurotransmitter binds; ion flows cause change in postsynaptic cell potential

Front 5

CREB

Back 5

-transcription factor that plays a key role in converting short-term memory into long term memory in animals
-master protein inside the cell nucleus that find and bind to specific sequence of DNA

Front 6

What is the synapse-to-nucleus signaling molecule that determines when CREB should be activated and a memory preserved?

Back 6

Signaling molecules are not necessary. Instead, the firing of a neuron, resulting from the combined excitation of all synaptic input to the cell, is the necessary event for consolidating memory.

Front 7

What role do calcium ions play in the neuron after being admitted during an neural impulse?

Back 7

Calcium ions translate the electrical code into a chemical code

Front 8

Explain the basis of short-term memory

Back 8

After a synapse fires briefly at high frequency, it becomes more sensitive, experiencing a greater voltage swing in response to subsequent signals. This temporary strengthening of the synapse is the basis of short-term memory.

Front 9

synaptic integration

Back 9

multiple synaptic potentials combine within one post synaptic neuron

Front 10

Refractory period

Back 10

The period from the beginning of the action potential to the restoration of the resting membrane potential when the neuron is incapable of producing another action potential