Biol 2404 1.3

Front 1

Anatomical Position

Back 1

The standard reference position for all anatomic and medical disscussions.

Front 2

Prone Position

Back 2

If the body is lying face down

Front 3

Supine Position

Back 3

If the body is lying face up

Front 4

Cephalic Region

Back 4

Part of body commonly referred to as the head

Front 5

What is the front part of the body called? (Region)

Back 5

Anterior/Ventral

Front 6

What is the back side of the body called? (Region)

Back 6

Posterior/Dorsal

Front 7

Superior (Cranial)

Back 7

Toward the head end of upper part of a structure or the body; above

Front 8

Inferior (Caudal)

Back 8

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

Front 9

Anterior (Ventral)

Back 9

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Front 10

Posterior (Dorsal)

Back 10

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

Front 11

Medial

Back 11

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

Front 12

Lateral

Back 12

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

Front 13

Ipsilateral

Back 13

On the same side

Front 14

Contralateral

Back 14

On opposite sides

Front 15

Unilateral

Back 15

In reference to only one side of the body

Front 16

Proximal

Back 16

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Front 17

Distal

Back 17

Farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Front 18

Superficial

Back 18

(External) Toward or at the body surface

Front 19

Deep

Back 19

(Internal) Away from the body surface; more internal

Front 20

3 Anatomical Planes

Back 20

1. Coronal/Frontal Plane

2. Sagital Plane

3. Transverse Plane

Front 21

Coronal/Frontal Plane

Back 21

A vertical or longitudinal plane of sectioning. This divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior positions.

Front 22

Sagittal Plane

Back 22

A vertical or longitudinal plane of sectioning. This divides the body or an organ into right and left portions

Front 23

Midsagittal or Median

Back 23

The right and left portions are symmetric

Front 24

Parasagittal

Back 24

The right and left portions are not symmetric

Front 25

Transverse Plane

Back 25

A horizontal plane of sectioning. This divides the body or an organ into superior and inferior portions

Front 26

Body Cavities

Back 26

"Spaces" in the body that are filled with organs

Front 27

2 Body Cavitites

Back 27

Dorsal and Ventral

Front 28

2 Dorsal Cavitites

Back 28

Cranial and Spinal

Front 29

2 Ventral Cavitites

Back 29

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic

Front 30

2 Thoracic Cavities

Back 30

Pulmonary and Mediastinum

Front 31

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Back 31

Abdominal Cavity

Front 32

Dorsal Cavity

Back 32

More posterior cavity, has two subdivisions separated by the foramen magnum of the skul

Front 33

Cranial Cavity

Back 33

the superior part of the dorsal body cavity, enclosed by the skull, the organ found in this cavity is the brain

Front 34

Vertebral Cavity

Back 34

The inferior part of the dorsal body cavity, enclosed by the vertebrae, the organ: spinal cord

Front 35

Ventral Cavity

Back 35

More anterior cavity, has two subdivisions separated by the muscular diaphragm - thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Front 36

Thoracic Cavity

Back 36

the superior portion of the ventral body cavity, superior to the diaphragm, some organs here are surrounded by serous membranes (each has a parietal and visceral layer) 2 subdivisions - pulmonary cavities, mediastinum

Front 37

Pulmonary Cavities

Back 37

Within the thoracic cavity, a right and a left pulmonary cavity, each filled with a lung

Front 38

Mediastinum

Back 38

Within the thoracic Cavity, intermediate to the pulmonary cavities, contains organs like the heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, and some major blood vessels

Front 39

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Back 39

The inferior portion of the ventral body cavity, inferior to the diaphragm, has two subdivisions - abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Front 40

Abdominal Cavity

Back 40

the more superior portion of the abdominopevlic cavity, there is no physical structure that separates this from the pelvic cavity

Front 41

Pelvic Cavity

Back 41

the more inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity, there is no physical structure that separates this from the abdominal cavity (unlike the diaphragm for the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities)

Front 42

Serous Membrane

Back 42

Moist, slippery membrane, contains some epithelial tissue and some connective tissue, can also be called serosa

Front 43

What do serous membranes surround?

Back 43

Some ventral cavity organs as they are growing and developing

Front 44

What are the two layers of the serous membranes?

Back 44

Visceral layer and parietal layer

Front 45

3 Serous Membranes

Back 45

1. Pericardial Membrane (Around the heart)

2. Pieura (Around the lungs)

3. Peritoneal Membrane (Around some of the organs in the abdominopelvic Cavity)

Front 46

Parietal Pericardium

Back 46

The outer portion of the membrane and forms a "wall" around the heart

Front 47

Visceral Pericardium

Back 47

Adheres directly to the surface of the heart. Pericardial cavity is the space in between the two layers and filled with pericardial fluid

Front 48

Parietal Pleura

Back 48

The outer portion of the membrane, it lines the inside of the thoracic cavity

Front 49

Visceral Pleura

Back 49

Adheres directly to the surface of the lung. Pleural cavity is the space in between 2 layers and it is filled with pleural fluid

Front 50

Parietal Peritoneum

Back 50

Outer portion of the membrane it lines the inside of the abdominal cavity

Front 51

Visceral Peritoneum

Back 51

Adheres directly to the surface of the abdominal organs. The peritoneal cavity is the space in between the two layers