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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mechanism to recycle from NADH to NAD+
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this cna be done in fermentation
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Site of glycolysis
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cytosol
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Catabolism of pyruvate.
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in the mitochondria ( carboxylic acids)
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Regulation of glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis Reciprocal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. |
the three irreversisbke steps
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Each of irreversible step is regulated
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so that we don't go break down stuff
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The first step of glycolysis is regulated by AMP and ATP
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High concentration of ATP inhibit the this
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PFK (phosphofructokinase) has 2 site, catalytic and activate
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an allo steric enzyme
F-6P + ATP -> F-1,6-BP +ADP |
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2 ATP bindin sites: 1 catalytic and 1 regulatory
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ATP bound at regulatory sitelowers affinity for F-6P. AMP reverses inhibition by ATP
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Adenylate kinase
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ADP + ADP -> ATP + AMP
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Citrate (TCA cycle)
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enhaces ATP inhibition
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ATP decreases as you excercise
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Well, so AMP goes up as ADP got converted back
Concentration of lactase increase as well |
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F1,6BP would increase first and then decrease
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yup, it's tru
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Gluconeogenesis
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how non-carbonhydrate precursors ( lactate, etc)
are convereted into glucose Pyruvate -> Glucose Precursors converted to pyruvate or intermediate in pathway to glucose Takes place primarily in Liver ( and to lesser extant the kidney) Important during extended exercise, fasting and starvation. |
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How do we get around 3 irreversible steps ?
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Well, 4 additional reaction replaces the 3 irreversible
1. Pyruvate -> Oxaloacetate (OAA) 2, OAA -> PEP (phospho 3. F-1,6-BP -> F-6P 4. G-6P-> Glucose Some aa's, lactate -> pyruvate. Some aa's -> OAA Glycerol form lipids DHAP |
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Pyruvate ->PEP
1. Pyruvate carboxylase Pyruvate +ATP + CO2 -> OAA + ADP + P1 |
mitochondrial contains biotin, require acetyl CoA
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PEP carbonxykinase OAA + GTP -> PEP + GDP + CO
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blah blah blah
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