Biol 1304 Review Quiz 2

Front 1

The myocardium is primarily
a. elastic tissue
b. epithelial tissue
c. cardiac muscle
d. autorhythmic cells

Back 1

c. cardiac muscle

Front 2

During the plateau phase of a cardiac muscle cell's action potential, the membrane stays:
a. depolarized as potassium exits and calcium enters.
b. depolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits.
c. repolarized as sodium enters and calcium exits.
d. hyperpolarized as sodium and calcium exit.
e. hyperpolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits.

Back 2

a. depolarized as potassium exits and calcium enters.

Front 3

Absence of T wave on ECG recording means there is no
a. atrial repolarization
b. atrial depolarization
c. ventricular repolarization
d. ventricular depolarization

Back 3

c. ventricular repolarization

Front 4

During the isovolumetric phase of ventricular systole, the
a. atria are contracting and the ventricles are relaxing
b. av valves and semilunar valves are closed
c. blood is ejected into the circuits
d. all of the above

Back 4

b. av valves and semilunar valves are closed

Front 5

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of flow of an electrical impulse through the heart?
a. A-V node, A-V bundle, Purkinje fibers, S-A node
b. S-A node, Purkinje fibers, A-v node, A-V bundle
c. S-A node, A-V node, A-V bundle, Purkinje fibers
d. A-V node, S-A node, Purkinje fibers, A-V bundle

Back 5

c. S-A node, A-V node, A-V bundle, Purkinje fibers

Front 6

The left ventricle refills with blood in preparation for initiation of the next cardiac cycle during ventricular
a. systole
b. contraction
c. depolarization
d. diastole

Back 6

d. diastole

Front 7

Release of norepinephrine from nerve fibers causes
a. decreased heart rate and force of contraction
b. increased heart rate but decreased force of contraction
c. increased heart rate and force of contraction
d. decreased heart rate but increased force of contraction

Back 7

c. increased heart rate and force of contraction

Front 8

The Starling law of the heart states that
a. the volume of blood that enters the heart during diastole directly affects the force of contraction at systole
b. a reduction in body temperature results in lower heart rate
c. each period of systole must be followed by a period of diastole
d. the presence of negative ionotropic substances increases myocardial contractility

Back 8

a. the volume of blood that enters the heart during diastole directly affects the force of contraction at systole

Front 9

When the left ventricle fails, blood backs up in the lungs, causing
a. fibrillation
b. rheumatic fever
c. heart murmurs
d. pulmonary edema

Back 9

d. pulmonary edema

Front 10

During exercise, increased muscle contraction helps return more blood to the heart. This would lead to
a. Decrease cardiac output
b. decreased heart rate
c. increased stroke volume
d. decreased stroke volume

Back 10

c. increased stroke volume

Front 11

The function of the coronary sinus is to:
a. connect the top and bottom halves of the heart.
b. guide the sorts out of the heart.
c. guide the inferior vena cava into the right atrium.
d. take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium.
e. shunt blood from the right atrium to the left atrium.

Back 11

d. take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium.

Front 12

A network of small arteries called the ____________ provides a blood supply to the tunica externa of very large vessels.
a. vasa vasorum
b. companion vessels
c. distributing arteries
d. fenestrated arteries
e. thoroughfare channels

Back 12

a. vasa vasorum

Front 13

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is the:
a. tunica externa.
b. tunica media.
c. tunica intima.
d. tunica adventitia.
e. None of these because all the layers are of the same dimension

Back 13

b. tunica media.

Front 14

The largest arteries of the body are classified as:
a. muscular arteries or distributing arteries
b. arterioles.
c. elastic arteries or conducting arteries
d. muscular and elastic since they have the same dimensions.
e. None of these answers is correct.

Back 14

c. elastic arteries or conducting arteries

Front 15

Precapillary sphincters will:
a. control blood flow into the true capillaries.
b. cause blood to flow directly from the metarteriole into the post capillary venule.
c. open when the tissue needs nutrients.
d. close when the tissue's needs have been met.
e. All of these answers are correct

Back 15

e. All of these answers are correct

Front 16

If someone suffered from hypertension, such that the blood pressure in their capillaries was elevated, then net filtration pressure would be:
a. above normal.
b. below normal.

Back 16

a. above normal.

Front 17

Blood flow is:
a. directly related to both the pressure gradient and the resistance.
b. directly related to the pressure gradient but inversely related to the resistance.
c. inversely related to both the pressure gradient and the resistance.
d. inversely related to the pressure gradient but directly related the resistance.

Back 17

b. directly related to the pressure gradient but inversely related to the resistance.

Front 18

Increased cardiac output _________ the blood pressure.
a. decreases
b. increases
c. will not affect

Back 18

b. increases

Front 19

Excitation of the vasomotor center results in:
a. increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.
b. increased parasympathetic activity and predominantly more vasodilation than vasoconstriction.
c. increased autonomic activity that increases heart rate and dilates blood vessels.
d. decreased autonomic activity that decreases heart rate and constricts blood vessels.
e. redistribution of blood flow away front the skeletal muscles and toward the skin.

Back 19

a. increased sympathetic activity and predominantly more vasoconstriction than vasodilation.

Front 20

Epinephrine, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone each cause an increase in blood pressure.
True or False

Back 20

True

Front 21

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. Highly variable, depending on the heart beat rate
e. None of these answers is correct

Back 21

b. 2

Front 22

Large doses of certain stimulants can lead to dangerous increases in heart rates. Such a stimulant is ____________________________
a. positive chronotropic agent.
b. negative chronotropic agent.
c. positive inotropic agent.
d. negative inotropic agent.

Back 22

a. positive chronotropic agent.

Front 23

Which of the following would cause a decrease in cardiac output?
a. An increase in venous return
b. An increase in afterload
c. Addition of positive inotropic agents
d. An increase in heart rate

Back 23

b. An increase in afterload

Front 24

The driving force propelling blood through the circulatory system is the difference in blood pressure from the beginning of a blood vessel to its end. This difference is known as the blood pressure ________.

Back 24

gradient

Front 25

When blood is flowing out of the left ventricle the bicuspid valve is _____ and the aortic semilunar valve is ____.

Back 25

close; open

Front 26

List all factors that affects EDV and ESV.

Back 26

EDV: venous return, Hr
ESV: SV, afterload, contraction (Frank Starling's Law)

Front 27

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes _________.
a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output
b. a rise in blood pressure due to change in cardiac output
c. no change in blood pressure but a slower heart rate
d. no change in blood pressure but a change in respiration

Back 27

a. a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output

Front 28

If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that _________.
a. the heart would stop, since the vagal nerves trigger the heart to contract
b. the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute
c. the AV node would become the pacemaker of the heart
d. parasympathetic stimulation would increase, causing a decrease in heart rate

Back 28

b. the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute

Front 29

When a clot forms on the plaque in a coronary vessel obstructing blood flow to the muscle, the condition is referred to as
a. angioplasty
b. myocardial infarction
c. coronary thrombosis
d. pulmonary embolism

Back 29

c. coronary thrombosis

Front 30

Which area of the heart receives blood from the systemic veins?
a. right ventricle
b. left ventricle
c. aorta
d. right atrium

Back 30

d. right atrium

Front 31

Which one of the following blood vessels carry oxygenated blood?
a. superior vena cava
b. inferior vena cava
c. pulmonary vein
d. pulmonary artery

Back 31

c. pulmonary vein

Front 32

The sinoatrial node is located in the
a. right atrium
b. left atrium
c. aorta
d. left ventricle

Back 32

a. right atrium

Front 33

Cardiac Output is measured as the product of heart rate and the ______
a. pressure of the blood in the heart
b. blood volume
c. stroke volume
d. pulse rate

Back 33

c. stroke volume

Front 34

The second heart sound is due to closure of:
a. mitral valve
b. tricuspid valve
c. gastric valve
d. semilunar valves

Back 34

d. semilunar valves

Front 35

The P wave of an ECG represents
a. depolarization of the atrium
b. depolarization of the ventricles
c. relaxation of the atrium
d. contraction of the whole heart

Back 35

a. depolarization of the atrium

Front 36

Which one of the following is caused by a decrease in venous return to the heart:
a. a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output
b. a decrease in stroke volume and an increase in cardiac output
c. an increase in stroke volume and cardiac output
d. no change in stroke volume and cardiac output

Back 36

a. a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output

Front 37

The coronary sulcus is a groove that
a. marks the border between atria and the ventricles
b. marks the boundary between rt. & let. Ventricles
c. separates coronary artery from coronary vein
d. marks the boundary between rt. & let atria

Back 37

a. marks the border between atria and the ventricles

Front 38

The plateau phase of the cardiac muscle is due
a. the movement of fewer sodium ions across the cell membrane
b. a decrease in Ca++ in the cardiac muscle tissue
c. increased membrane permeability to Na+
d. the calcium channel remain open longer periods of time

Back 38

d. the calcium channel remain open longer periods of time

Front 39

Veins in the myocardium drains into the
a. anterior interventricular artery
b. marginal artery
c. posterior ventricular artery
d. coronary sinus

Back 39

d. coronary sinus

Front 40

Nerve impulses that reach the heart by means of the vagus nerve are
a. sympathetic and caused increased heart rate
b. sympathetic and caused decreased heart rate
c. parasympathetic and cause decreased heart rate
d. parasympathetic and cause increased heart rate

Back 40

c. parasympathetic and cause decreased heart rate

Front 41

When the left ventricle contracts the distance from the apex to the base
a. increases
b. decreases
c. remains unchanged

Back 41

b. decreases

Front 42

An ECG provides direct information about valve function
a. True
b. False

Back 42

b. False

Front 43

The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by spasm of coronary arteries is
a. ischemia
b. pericarditis
c. Angina Pectoris
d. Myocardial infarction

Back 43

c. Angina Pectoris

Front 44

The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is

Back 44

significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius

Front 45

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart
a. True
b. False

Back 45

a. True

Front 46

Capillaries with an incomplete basement membrane are called

Back 46

sinusoidal capillaries

Front 47

Blood is carried away from the heart by

Back 47

systemic arteries

Front 48

The Circle of Willis involves blood flow through the liver
a. True
b. False

Back 48

b. False

Front 49

Peripheral resistance:

Back 49

increases as blood viscosity increases

Front 50

The longest vein in the body is the

Back 50

great saphenous vein

Front 51

Flow of blood in the veins of the lower limbs is regulated by the presence of valves
a. True
b. False

Back 51

a. True

Front 52

Circulation time of a red blood cell in an average resting human is about

Back 52

1 minute

Front 53

During ventricular diastole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are closed
a. True
b. False

Back 53

b. False

Front 54

Veins that contain valves are located mostly in the

Back 54

lower limbs

Front 55

If cardiac output rises due to an increase in stroke volume or heart rate, but resistance stays the same
a. blood pressure will increase
b. Both Blood Pressure and and blood flow will increase

Back 55

b. Both Blood Pressure and and blood flow will increase

Front 56

Hypovolemic circulatory shock is most directly related to loss of blood bolume
a. True
b. False

Back 56

a. True