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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Genes
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chemical factors that determine traits
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Allele
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one of a number of diffent forms of a gene
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Segregation
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Seperation of alleles
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multiple alleles
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three or more alleles of the same gene
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Gametes
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specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
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Probability
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Likelihood of an event
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Punnett square
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Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from genetic cross.
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Genetics
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The scientific study of heredity
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Homozygous
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Organisms with two identical alleles for particular trait.
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Heteorzygous
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Organism with two different alleles for the same trait
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Phenotype
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physical characteristics of organism as result of genetics
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Genotype
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Genetic characteristics of organism
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True-breeding
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used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self pollinate
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Trait
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A specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
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incomplete dominance
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cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another
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polygenetic traits
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trait controlled by two or more genes
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haploid
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cell with a single set of chromosomes and therefore a single set of genes
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tetrad
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structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis during prophase.
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gene map
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diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome.
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Hybrids
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Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
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idependent assortment
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idependent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
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codominance
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both alleles contribute to the phenotype of the organism
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homologous
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4 chromosomes that came from male parent has a corresponding chromosome from female parent
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diploid
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a cell that contains both sets of homoglous chromosomes
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meiosis
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process where number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
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crossing-over
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process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
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