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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what evidence does genetic mapping use to estimate the proximity of two loci on a given chromosome?
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frequency of crossing over
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if two loci are close together, are they more or less likely to recombine than if they are far apart?
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less
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how can recombination frequencies be estimated for genetic mapping?
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by observing the transmission of genes in informative families. Number of recombinants is counted and % of recombinants calculated in the progeny of an informative individual
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what is the unit set equal to 1% recombination frequency?
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a centimorgan
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how far is a centimorgan in molecular terms?
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1 million base pairs of DNA
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which statistical method is used to test whether a set of linkage data from family studies indicates linkage between two loci or not?
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LOD score
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is a LOD score of +3 better worse than an LOD score of -2?
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better; the higher, the more likely the linkage data is real
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how does one establish linkage between disease locus and a marker? What is this process called?
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select a number of markers systematically from all over the genome and test each one for linkage; a genome scan
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which markers are of particular help in genome scanning?
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microsatellite repeats
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what is the difference between linkage and association?
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linkage refers to location of genes closely on the same chromosome while association refers to co-occurrence of different phenotypes more often than expected
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what is a very common method used to map genes to chromosomes?
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FISH
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on average, useful DNA polymorphisms can be found at which intervals?
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less than 1 centimorgan
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in which type of vector were DNA fragments inserted for the human genome project? Which restriction enzyme was used?
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bacterial artificial chromosomes; HindIII
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what is functional cloning?
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ID of a disease gene based on knowledge of the protein involved in the disease, without knowing the chromosomal location of the gene
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what is candidate gene approach?
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when an educated guess is made about a protein involved in a disease and the DNA coding for any such protein is then tested for mutations in affected individuals
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what must be known in positional candidate approach?
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the knowledge of the correct chromosomal subregion of the gene of interest.
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