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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which form of amino acids are incorporated into proteins?
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L amino acids
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Which form of amino acid has the amino group on the right?
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D amino acids
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Which form of amino acids has the amino group on the left?
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L amino acids
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What is the formula for the number of stereoisomers in a compound?
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2^n where n is the number of asymmetric carbons
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Which amino acid has no D or L form, has little polar character, and is the smallest of the amino acids?
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Glycine
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Name the five amino acids that are categorized as non-aromatic with hydrocarbon side chains.
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Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Proline
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Name the three amino acids with aromatic hydrocarbon side chains.
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Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan
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Name the two amino acids with sulfur-containing side chains.
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Cysteine & Methionine
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Name the four amino acids with polar uncharged side chains.
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Serine, Threonine, Asparagine, Glutamine
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Name the five amino acids with polar charged side chains:
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Aspartic Acid, Glutamic Acid, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine
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Which amino acid has the most polar side chain?
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Arginine
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-------- replaces --------- in the protein hemoglobin in Sickle Cell Disease
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Valine replaces Glutamic Acid
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--------- participates in many biological oxidation/reduction reactions
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Cysteine
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Name three types of modifications made to amino acids
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Phosphorylation, carboxylation, hydroxylation
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What is the approximate Pk of an alpha-carboxyl?
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2
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What is the approximate Pk of a side chain carboxyl?
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4
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What is the approximate Pk of an imidazole?
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6
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What is the approximate Pk of amino groups (alpha and side chains)?
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10
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What is the approximate Pk of phenol?
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10
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What is the approximate Pk of Guanidinium?
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12
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What is the approximate Pk of a sulfhydryl?
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8
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Which amino acid has no D or L forms?
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Glycine- not an asymmetric carbon.
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Which amino acid is really an imino acid?
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Proline (has secondary amine)
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Which amino acid has an indole (aromatic heterocyclic) group?
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Tryptophan
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Which amino acid is important in redox reactions?
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Cysteine
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Which amino acid is a thioether (C-S-C)?
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Methionine
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Name the two negatively charged amino acids at physiologic pH.
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Glutamate and Aspartate
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Name the three positively charged amino acids at physiologic pH.
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Histidine, lysine, and arginine.
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At physiologic pH acidic amino acids have what charge?
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Negative
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At physiologic pH basic amino acids have what charge?
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Positive
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Which amino acid can act as an acid or base at physiologic pH?
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Histidine
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Approximate pK of sulfhydryl (SH).
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8
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What kind of bond is formed between amino acids? How are they formed?
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Peptide bonds
They're formed through condensation reactions. |
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The cellular sites for protein synthesis. How do they connect amino acids?
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Ribosomes, only form peptide bonds through alpha amino and alpha carboxyl groups.
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Signaling molecules produced in one cell type and then transmitted through the circulatory system where they bind target cells to elicit a response.
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Peptide Hormones
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