Biochem 2-11 Eicosanoids

Front 1

Eicosanoids are derived from:

Back 1

Arachidonic acid

Front 2

phospolipase A1 cleaves at the ___ postition

Back 2

sn1

Front 3

Arachidonic acid is cleaved from phospholipids by:

Back 3

phospholipase A2 or C through the activity of di and mono-acyl glycerol lipases

Front 4

phospholipase C cleaves at the ___ position.

Back 4

sn1 and sn2 yielding DAG

Front 5

Phospholipase A2 cleaves the:

Back 5

sn2 position of a phospholipid

Front 6

DAG lipases and MAG lipases make _____ from DAG

Back 6

free fatty acids
(arachadonic acid)

Front 7

Lipoxygenase

Back 7

converts arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

Front 8

phospolipase A2 cleaves at the ___ position

Back 8

sn2

Front 9

Cyclooxygenase

Back 9

converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins

Front 10

from arachadonic acid, cyclooxygenase makes

Back 10

all the prostaglandins and TXA2 (vasoconstrictor)

Front 11

Cytochrome P450

Back 11

converts arachidonic acid into epoxides

Front 12

lipoxygenase

Back 12

makes leukotrienes from arachadonic acid

Front 13

What is the function of prostaglandins

Back 13

Prostaglandins function as mediators of inflammation and pain.

Front 14

glucocorticoids inhibit _______ metabolism.

Back 14

eiconasoid

Front 15

What type of receptors to prostaglandins bind to:

Back 15

G protein coupled receptors

Front 16

Isoprostane synthesis is initiated by ROSs. The level of Isoprostane in the urine can be used as marker of ____?

Back 16

oxidative stress

Front 17

cox-1 is a _____ enzyme, where cox-2 is a _____ enzyme.

Back 17

constitutive, inducible

Front 18

What is thromboxane?

Back 18

Thromboxane is synthesized in the platelets and is a potent vasoconstrictor and activator of platelets.

Front 19

What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?

Back 19

-calor (heat)
-rubor (redness)
-tumor (swelling)
-dolor (pain)
-functio laesio (loss of tissue
function)

Front 20

acetominephin irreversible inhibts_____

Back 20

cox-3

Front 21

What is Protacyclin?

Back 21

Protacyclin is synthesized from endothelial cells and is an inhibitor of coagulation.

Front 22

aspirin irreversibly inhibts ______

Back 22

cyclooxygenase

Front 23

Asprin inhibits the enyzmatic activity of:

Back 23

cyclooxygenase

Front 24

endocannabinoids are endogenous ligands for ______ receptors

Back 24

cannainoid

Front 25

(True or False) Asprin will decrease TXA2 synthesis?

Back 25

TRUE

Front 26

___ is the most abundant prostaglandin, and is synthesized from_____.

Back 26

PGE2, omega-6

Front 27

(True or False) COX-1 is an inducible enzyme.

Back 27

FALSE

Front 28

arachadonic acid is predominantly released from phospholipids by which enzyme?

Back 28

phospholipase A2

Front 29

(True or False) COX-2 is an inducible enzyme.

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit_______.

Back 30

cyclooxygenase

Front 31

What are Leukotrienes?

Back 31

Leukotrienes are important regulators in the inflmmatory response and bind to G protein coupled receptors. Leukotrienes are important in Asthma.

Front 32

eicosanoids

Back 32

prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes & epoxides; control cellular function in response to multiple signals i.e. Inflammation

Front 33

(True or False) Isoprostanes are produced when arachidonic acid underoges free radical damage.

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

all eicosanoids are derived from_______.

Back 34

arachadonic acid

Front 35

(True or False) Isoprostanes are elevated during reperfusion injury.

Back 35

TRUE

Front 36

Anadmaide is an eicosanoid that can act as an agonist for which receptor?

Back 36

The cannabinoid receptor

Front 37

Glucocorticoids inhibit eicosanoid synthesis by blocking:

Back 37

Phospholipase A2

Front 38

Overproduction of _____ is the primary cause of inflammation in asthma patients.

Back 38

leukotrienes

Front 39

Overproduction of _____ is the primary cause of inflammation in asthma patients.

Back 39

leukotrienes